| 摘要: | 面對戰後嬰兒潮的一群漸漸老化的人群，是否醫療使用是健康的唯一來源，還是可以藉由個體行動的意志、過程、結果，建立良好的健康資本、社會資本，就可以有效的達到「減少醫療使用」及「成功老化」的目的，因此本研究想要探討的是健康資本、社會資本與醫療使用的關係。 本研究分析資料來自2012年由中央研究院社會學研究所執行的第六期「台灣社會變遷基本調查」研究Ⅱ健康與醫療照顧組之問卷調查。本調查資料之訪查對象以台灣地區設有戶籍之本國國籍，年齡在18歲以上的民眾（民國81年12月31日以前出生）為研究母體。調查期間為2011年7月17日至2012年4月29日止。在全台灣共抽出有116 個村里或集群村里，抽樣樣本數4,208人，完成2,199人問卷，成功完訪率52.3%。本研究採橫斷性次級資料分析，使用SPSS18之統計軟體進行描述性統計、卡方檢定、t檢定、單因子變異數分析、相關分析及二元羅吉斯迴歸分析等統計方法分析資料，研究結論如下:一、不同社會人口變項之台灣民眾在醫療服務使用上有部分差異。不同性別、年齡、教育程度在醫療服務使用上有顯著差異；而其中經濟狀況及婚姻狀況無顯著差異。二、台灣地區民眾社會資本與醫療服務的使用有顯著的關係存在。三、台灣地區民眾健康資本與醫療服務的利使用有部分差異。不同的自覺身體狀況、慢性病、體型、運動習慣在醫療服務使用上有顯著差異，其中生活行為及睡眠習慣無顯著差異。四、台灣地區民眾不同程度的健康資本、社會資本在醫療服務的利用上有顯著的預測力。 根據本研究發現與結論，提供個人、社區、政府具體建議，以作為後續研究之參考。
To the elders after the World War II, we want to know that if they can stay health depended on their individual actions, activity process, and the health outcome or not. Have good "health capital" and "social capital" can achieve the purpose of "Reducing medical use" and "Successful aging". The aim of this study wanted to explore the relationship between healthy capital, social capital and health service utilization. The study population is from "The Social Change Survey in Taiwan" collected by Institute of Sociology, Academia Sinica in Taiwan in 2012. The survey started from 2011 July to 2012 April. Sampling from 166 villages, about 4,208 populations were include. 2,199 participants complete the questionnaire. The complete rate is 52.3%. This study is a cross-sectional research. The data analysis use SPSS18.Chi-square test, t-test, ANOVA, and logistic regression are include. The conclusions in this study are below:1、There were no significant gender differences in the use of health care services, but in the use of alternative medical services women frequency was significantly higher than males.2、There are significant differences in the age of the use of medical services, the higher the frequency the greater the age.3、The lower the education level using Western medical services, higher hospitalization rates, and the higher the education level, the higher the frequency of use of alternative health care. Economic status and marital status was no significant difference.4、Taiwan people's social capital and health services use a significant difference, the higher the frequency of social networks social participation, the higher the frequency of use of medical services.5、The capital of Taiwan people's health conscious there are significant differences in health care use, perceived poor health were more higher frequency of use of medical services.6、Who have chronic medical services using frequencies higher than those without chronic illness, chronic diseases without the use of alternative medical services frequencies higher than those with chronic diseases.7、Different body types have significant differences in the use of health services, physical obese (BMI> 30) by using the rate is higher than the normal size (BMI 18.5 to 24).8、Have exercise habits there significant differences in the use of health care services, there are those who exercise habits have a high frequency of medical services in the non-medical use of alternative exercise habit higher than those who exercise habits. Life behavior and sleep habits which no significant difference.9、Taiwan residents varying degrees of health capital, social capital in the use of health care services have a significant influence. Most influential was "perceived physical condition," followed by "exercise habits", "whether the chronic disease", "sex" and "social capital." According to the research findings and conclusions, providing individual, community, long-term care system, government specific recommendations as a reference for future research. |
