論古德曼的審議民主

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Title:	論古德曼的審議民主
Other Titles:	On the Deliberative Democracy of Amy Gutmann
Authors:	唐嘉雲 Tang, Chia-Yun
Contributors:	國際暨大陸事務學系公共政策研究碩士班許文柏 Wen-Po Hsu
Keywords:	公民會議;古德曼;審議民主 consensus conferences;Gutmann;deliberative democracy
Date:	2014
Issue Date:	2014-11-21 15:36:12 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	本論文試圖以古德曼與湯普森所架構的審議民主理論，來檢視台灣實施公民會議的成效。藉由探究古德曼的審議民主的意義、目的、價值與範圍，可以協助釐清各方對公民會議這種審議實踐模式的質疑，並且以古德曼的審議民主的程序與實質性原則，審視「應否死刑公民會議」是否符合審議的標準。　　本論文首先先就古德曼的審議民主理論的定義與特徵作說明。古德曼認為審議民主的目的在於解決政策上的爭議，而爭議來自於人類社會普見的道德分歧的四大根源，即資源匱乏、人性的有限寬容、價值不相容及理解的不徹底等問題所引致的衝突。因為道德分歧是根深柢固於人類社會，因此能做得並非是將分歧排除於政治之外，而是嘗試找出能與之共處的方法。審議的價值就在於能克服道德分歧所造成的決策難題，使政策與法律得以順利施行。　　接下來集中探討古德曼的審議民主的六大原則，其中互惠性、公共性與問責制一同構成了規範審議條件的原則，而基本自由、基本機會與公平機會是指導審議內容的主要原則，這些原則將在互惠性原則的指導下，隨著實際具體的案例隨時調整其解釋與應用。　　第四章則以古德曼的審議民主理論來檢討「應否死刑公民會議」的成效，以此檢視此場公民會議是否符合古德曼所建構出的，規範審議條件的原則與指導審議內容的原則，及在運用這些原理原則時所遭遇到的困難，進而指出「應否死刑公民會議」在實踐上與理論中不符之處，亦或是古德曼的審議民主理論在實踐上的困難。　　本研究的結論是，政府如果欲將審議運用於解決政策難題上，首先要做的是，闡明並宣揚審議的理念與六大審議原則的涵義，唯有全民具備確實的審議觀，任何審議實踐模式才能收其成效。　　My thesis attempts to examine the experience of consensus conference held in Taiwan form the viewpoint of Gutmann and Thompson's deliberative democracy theory. By exploring the meaning, purpose, value and range of Gutmann and Thompson's deliberative democracy, it can help clarify questions about the consensus conferences in Taiwan. To view the process of consensus conference by the procedural and substantive principles of deliberative democracy, it can figure out consensus conference fit in with the standard of deliberative democracy or not.　　First of all, my thesis is focus on the meaning and features of deliberative democracy. The conception that Gutmann and Thompson pointed out tries to solve the disagreements about the theory, and the disagreements is universal in human society. The moral disagreement is caused by “scarcity of resources’’ , ‘’limited generosity’’, ‘’incompatible vales’’, and’’ incomplete understanding’’. The society itself have no power to solve the problems arisen from these conflicts. The policy problems can be overcome with deliberative procedure, and then the policy and law will be promoted easily. Secondly, This thesis tries to introducing and analyzing the principles and conditions of deliberative democracy: principle of reciprocity, principle of publicity, principle of accountability, basic liberty, basic opportunity and fair opportunity. Thirdly, these principles will be directed the explanation and application to actual case, the certain consensus conference held in Taiwan is examined for the principles of deliberative democracy. Was there something wrong with the process of this consensus conference? Or the conception and principles of deliberative democracy can't apply to the consensus conference. This question would be figured out in this thesis. 　　The conclusion of this research is︰If the government would like to solve the problems of policy, the conception and principles of deliberative democracy must be expounded and advocated. Only everyone have the idea of deliberation, it may be succeeded by the practices of deliberative democracy.
Appears in Collections:	[Department of International and China Studies, The M.A. Program of Asia-Pacific Studies and Public Policy Studies] Disserations and Theses(M.A. Program in Public Policy Studies)

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