本研究主要目的在瞭解中南部地區父母教養特質與幼兒社會能力之現況及不同背景變項對父母教養特質與幼兒社會能力之差異情形，並進一步探討父母教養特質對幼兒社會能力之相關情形。為達成研究目的，本研究採問卷調查法進行研究，利用便利抽樣的方式進行取樣，針對彰化、雲林、嘉義和台南部分公私立幼兒園，3~6歲的幼兒及其父母為研究對象，共592人。使用「父母教養特質量表」及「幼兒社會能力量表」等測量工具。本研究以描述統計、單因子變異數分析、Person積差相關，以及典型相關等統計方法加以分析。 本研究得到以下結論：一、中南部地區之幼兒父母較傾向採取「開明權威」之教養特質，其次依序為「過度保護」、「專制權威」，而以採「忽視冷漠」的教養特質為最少。二、不同出生序、子女數、家庭結構、家庭收入、家庭社經地位之幼兒，其父母教養特質有顯著差異。三、不同出生序、子女數、家庭結構、家庭收入、家庭社經地位之幼兒，其社會能力有顯著差異。四、父親年齡與父母教養特質之忽視冷漠呈中等程度負相關。五、母親年齡與父母教養特質之開明權威呈中等程度正相關。六、父母教養特質與幼兒社會能力呈中等程度正相關。七、父母教養特質的開明權威與幼兒社會能力各分量表間具有典型相關存在。最後，研究者根據本研究結論分別對父母、政府、實務工作者及未來研究提出建議。 The purpose of this research was to probe into different situations between parenting character and children’s social competence with different background in the area of middle and south. Furthermore, this research tries to examine the relationship among parenting character and children’s social competence. A questionnaire method was employed for this study. There were 592 couple parent-child from the Area of Changhua, Yunlin ,Chiayi and Tainan participated this study in the school year of 2011. The instruments used in the study were Parenting Character Scale and Children’s Social Competence Scale with four-points Likert scale developed by the researcher. The data collected from the subjects were analyzed by the statistical software including descriptive, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation and Canonical correlation. The conclusions were as the following:1. In the area of middle and south, parenting character of preschool children tended to be more “authoritative parenting”, followed by “overprotection parenting”, “authoritarian parenting”. However, “neglecting parenting” was the least.2. The preschool children of 3-6 years old has significant differences in parenting character between different birth order and number of siblings, family structure, family income,and family socio-economic status.3. The preschool children of 3-6 years old has significant differences in children’s social competence between different birth order and number of siblings, family structure, family income,and family socio-economic status.4. The correlation between father age and parenting character of neglecting parenting was medium degree negative.5. The correlation between mother age and parenting character of authoritative parenting was medium degree positive.6. The correlation between parenting character and children’s social competence was medium degree positive.7. The canonical correlation exists among parenting character of authoritative parenting and children’s social competence.
