精油噴霧吸入對大學生心率變異與認知功能之影響

南華大學機構典藏系統 > 科技學院 > 自然生物科技學系(自然療癒碩士班) > 博碩士論文-自然療癒碩士班 > Item 987654321/17881

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题名:	精油噴霧吸入對大學生心率變異與認知功能之影響
其它题名:	Effects of Inhalation of Essential Oils on Heart Rate Variability and Cognitive Function in College Students
作者:	高境莉 Kao, Ching-li
貢獻者:	自然醫學研究所羅俊智 Jun-chih Lo
关键词:	記憶力;注意力;心率變異;芳香療法 Memory;Aromatherapy;Heart Rate Variability;Attention
日期:	2012
上传时间:	2015-01-06 17:02:11 (UTC+8)
摘要:	芳香療法是以芳香性精油經由嗅覺或皮膚吸收，來促進生理與心理的健康。精油對中樞神經系統的作用，包括有抗焦慮、紓解壓力、穩定情緒與鎮靜、幫助睡眠、影響記憶力與注意力等。現代人在工作和生活上經常感受到壓力，過多的壓力會降低注意力和記憶力，影響工作表現，也會造成身心不健康。在眾多紓解壓力的方法中，以芳香療法比較容易學習與實行。本研究主要是探討精油噴霧吸入後，對自律神經活性和認知功能表現的影響，以及交感神經與副交感神經活性的變化與認知功能表現之間是否有相關性。實驗方法是使用心率變異分析來檢測自律神經活性，以及使用認知測驗來評估注意力和記憶力的表現。本研究採取開放標籤，隨機對照實驗設計，將五十四位大學生隨機簡單指派分為三組:藍膠尤加利精油組、苦橙葉精油組及控制組。實驗結果發現，苦橙葉精油使心跳變慢、RMSSD增加。另外，在比較三組之前後測心率變異差異百分比，苦橙葉組之ΔlnHF與控制組達顯著差異，顯示苦橙葉能活化副交感神經活性。在藍膠尤加利組可發現SDNN、lnLF、lnTP皆有上升的趨勢，比較三組之前後測心率變異差異百分比，藍膠尤加利組在ΔSDNN也與苦橙葉及控制組有顯著差異，顯示藍膠尤加利或許能提高交感神經之活性。認知測驗結果顯示三組之前後測反應時間與反應準確率差異百分比，則皆未達顯著差異。在各組後測與前測做比較時，部份測驗的後測反應時間縮短與反應準確率提高，原因有可能是因練習效應所造成。因此，對於藍膠尤加利精油或苦橙葉精油影響認知的效應尚未能有明確的解答。依據先前的研究指出，心理因素例如情緒、對氣味的主觀感受等也會影響心率變異及認知功能表現，往後類似的研究若能加入心理因素影響的評估，應當能對瞭解精油的作用有所助益。　　Aromatherapy uses essential oils absorbed through breath or skin to improve physical and psychological health. Effects of essential oils on the central nervous system include relieving anxiety and stress, stabilizing emotions, helping to fall asleep and affecting memory and attention. Modern people feel stressed at work and in life. Stress makes people attention deficit, memory worsen, poor work performance, and physically and mentally unhealthy. Among many ways to relieve stress, aromatherapy is a nice tool because it is easy to learn and implement. The purpose of this study was to explore changes in autonomic nervous system activity and cognitive function in subjects directly after inhalation of essential oils, as well as if the sympathetic and parasympathetic activity links with cognitive performance. We used heart rate variability analysis to detect autonomic nervous system activity and cognitive tests to assess attention and memory performance. This study adopted an open-label, randomized controlled trial, and fifty-four college students were assigned to three groups: Eucalyptus globulus group, Citrus aurantium group and control group. The results showed that Citrus aurantium essential oil reduced heart rate and increased RMSSD. In addition, analysis of ΔlnHF before and after inhalation of essential oil demonstrated there was significant difference between Citrus aurantium group and control group, and revealed Citrus aurantium increased parasympathetic activity. We also found in Eucalyptus globulus group there was an upward trend in SDNN, lnLF and lnTP. Analysis of ΔSDNN showed there were significant differences among three groups, and revealed Eucalyptus globulus may increase sympathetic activity. In cognitive tests the results indicated that there were no significant differences in reaction time and accuracy among three groups. Although, Eucalyptus globulus and Citrus aurantium groups had shorter reaction times and increased accuracy in some cognitive tests, it is possible due to practice effect. Previous studies indicated Psychological variables have effects on heart rate variability and cognitive performance. Therefore, to further elucidate the function of essential oil it would be better that future study includes the influence of psychological variables.
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