| 摘要: | 本研究目的為比較蒙古國籍學生來臺前後的健康狀況，以探討影響其健康情形改變的相關因子，以及其在臺灣求學期間之醫療利用情形。本研究採橫斷式問卷調查，於2010年7月16至30日期間以電子郵件發出186份問卷，共回收152份有效問卷，回收率為81.7%。在152個受訪者中， 86人為女性(56.6%)， 66人為男性(43.4%)。男女學生來臺求學的平均年齡分別為23±4.6及 24.1±4.8歲，其中48.7%的學生是研究所學生、32.2%是大學生、以及19.1%的學生是參與其它課程。分析結果顯示，84.2%受訪者來臺後的健康狀況變好，但是15.8%的人變差。健康改善的原因有臺灣地區的天氣及衛生環境較佳、較常運動以及壓力較小等因子。受訪者常見的健康問題包括過敏(69.7%)及胸痛(69.1%)等。研究也發現，和來臺前(42.8%)比較下，蒙古籍學生來臺後(8.6%)較少自行買成藥來治療疾病。同樣的，來臺前後會到醫院求診的比例分別為11.2%及3.3%。此外，在醫療利用方面，來臺後會利用針灸、拔罐及按摩等處理健康問題的較少，但是持續使用中醫的頻率最高(18.4%)、其次為西醫(7.2%)，會改變使用其它的醫療者最少(<3%)。總結本研究結果顯示，臺灣確實是適合蒙古學生追求高等教育的目的地。
The objectives of this study were to compare the changes in the health status of Mongolian students before and after their arrival in Taiwan, to determine the factors associated with these changes, and to investigate the choice of health care utilization of Mongolian students during their stay in Taiwan. A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was used in this study. A total of 186 questionnaires were sent out to potential participants from 16 to 30 July 2010. One hundred and fifty-two completed questionnaires were returned, which gave a response rate of 81.7%. Of the 152 respondents,56.6% (n = 86) were female and 43.4% (n = 66) were male. The mean age of male and female students when they arrived in Taiwan was 23±4.6 and 24.1±4.8, respectively. Almost half of the students were pursuing postgraduate studies (48.7%), 32.2% were studying undergraduate degrees, and 19.1% were enrolled in other courses. Results showed that the health status of 84.2% of respondents improved after their arrival in Taiwan, while 15.8% deteriorated. The improvements in their health status were found to be associated with better climate and sanitary conditions, more exercise and less stress. For the respondents that encountered health problems, allergies (69.7%) and chest pain (69.1%) were the most common conditions. In terms of purchasing over-the-counter drugs to treat health-related conditions,results showed a significant decrease in the number of respondents purchasing drugs after arriving (8.6%) in Taiwan, compared to before arriving in Taiwan (42.8%). Similarly, the number of respondents who had been to a hospital to treat health-related conditions decreased from 11.2% (before arriving in Taiwan) to 3.3% (after arriving in Taiwan). In addition,the use of acupuncture/moxibustion, cupping, and massage to treat health conditions also decreased after arriving in Taiwan. Furthermore, results showed that after their arrival in Taiwan, the adoption of traditional Chinese medicine (18.4%) was the highest, followed by Western medicine (7.2%),while the adoption of the other health cares was the lowest (<3%). In conclusion, our results suggest that Taiwan is an attractive destination for Mongolian students to pursue tertiary education. |
