失眠是現代人常見的生活困擾，短期失眠影響生活作息，長期失眠可能導致各種身心症候。根據文獻記載，失眠會影響大學生的記憶、學習、推理及運算等認知能力，而影響睡眠的原因包括課業壓力、生活形態及環境因素等。然而，對於大學生的失眠現象是否與生活因子及中醫體質有關，目前尚無任何研究探討。本研究探討大學生失眠與生活因子及中醫體質之相關性，以期讓大學生了解其體質特性，並藉由自我健康管理改善影響失眠之因素。本研究採橫斷式研究設計並以立意取樣方式進行問卷調查，以南部某大學之學生為收案對象，共計收取有效問卷 115 份，其中男生 61 人，女生 59 人。問卷內容包括中醫體質量表(Body Constitution Questionnaire, BCQ) 及中文版雅典失眠量表 (Chinese version of the Athens Insomnia Scale，CAIS)。研究結果發現，研究對象中有 55% 的大學生有失眠現象；大學生中醫體質類型以含陰虛體質者居多 (58.3%)。陰虛體質的失眠勝算是非陰虛體質的 4.05 倍；男性的失眠勝算是女性的 4.17 倍；有吃宵夜習慣的人失眠勝算是沒有吃宵夜習慣的人的 5.1 倍；睡眠時間每增加一小時失眠勝算將減少 0.56 倍。 結論：本研究之大學生之中醫體質分佈以陰虛體質居多，失眠與陰虛體質成正相關，中醫體質分類可做為評估個人睡眠品質及改善失眠的有利參考。 Insomnia is a common problem to most people in daily life and may be a risk factor for consistently predictive of cardiovascular disease and mortality of chronic diseases. Sleep disorders can impact the ability of memory, learning, logic thinking and calculation to students. In most sleep researches, stress and lifestyle are common factors to sleep disorders of adolescents. The objective of this study is to investigate the association between lifestyle factors and insomnia as well as the association between Chinese body constitution and insomnia in university students. A cross-sectional purposive sampling study design was used to survey 115 students in a university located in south Taiwan. The questionnaires applied in this research were Chinese version of the Athens Insomnia Scale (CAIS) and Body Constitution Questionnaire (BCQ). Results indicated that the prevalence of insomnia was 55 percent with the subjects and 58.3 percent of the students were Yin-deficiency (Yin-Xu) body constitution type. Multivariate logistic regression analysis found that odds ratio of insomnia was 4.05 times (P < 0.05) in Yin deficiency students compared to those who were not non-Yin-deficiency. The odds ratio of sleep disorders to gender was 4.17 times (P < 0.05) in male students compared to female students. The odds ratio of insomnia with lifestyle was 5.1 times (P< 0.05) in students of having a night-time snack compared to those who were non-having a night-time snack. In addition, for every one hour increasing to sleep, the odds of insomnia decreased by 0.56 times (P < 0.05). In conclusion, most university students were of Yin-deficiency body constitution. Yin-deficiency body constitution was associated with greater occurrence of insomnia to university students.
