| 摘要: | 興業精神(Entrepreneurship) 意謂著新事業的開發，並著眼在個人或企業採取創新與冒險的行動以創造財富的過程。國內目前針對企業興業精神的相關研究近來雖因高科技產業的蓬勃受到學界密切關注，但針對文化創意產業的研究仍不多見。鑑於文化創意產業生產體系的特性，無論個人或群體均有著極高的創業導向。因此，本文試圖以興業精神的文獻作為基礎，探討文化創意產業當中的興業精神。除了透過文獻回顧管理理論中之興業精神外，並透過文化創意產業生產體系特性之實證審視，初探文化創意產業之興業精神面向。 本文除了透過文獻探討興業精神與文化生產體系的理論外，並且採取個案研究，從不同的文化創意產業個案中找出其興業精神的特性，分為 (1)不確定性：對於開創事業的不確定性、市場需求的不確定性等有關於創業過程中所包含的特性；(2)冒險的精神：創業過程中對於事業以及各項挑戰時，必須秉持著冒險的精神，並且對於事業的開創成功與否扮演著關鍵性的角色；(3)承擔風險：在創業的歷程中將重要資源投入不確定中的意願，也影響其企業的創業歷程是否成功；風險也就是控制、資訊、時間的缺乏；(4)創新力：文化創意產業訴求的創意是多元的，有著無限的創造力讓其產業更多元、有生命力；(5)資源掌控與能力：在有形與無形的資源中調配出最理想的狀態，是創業家必須擁有的能力，讓產業可順利的運作，及(6)機會的挖掘：高敏銳度的看見機會的所在，讓產業創造出更高的價值。六大管理面向進行探討，發現不同的產業裡，特性的明顯度是不同的，藉此歸納出文化創意產業中興業精神之特性及核心價值。 本文研究的個案有台華窯、趙家窯、大大樹音樂圖像、小白兔唱片、小茶壺劇團、江之翠劇場。研究發現，文化創意產業的創業過程，與一般的產業是不同的，創業者的身分是可以多重的，除了本身生產者外又同時是創業家，跨領域的創業面臨到許多非自身可預期的結果，造成其創業的過程更具艱辛與繁瑣。此外，從創業資源的類型比較當中發現，每個創業的方向不同但是所需要的資本類型重複性很高，同性質的文化創意產業個案其資源類型的相似度也會比較高。 本文的研究貢獻在於提供了文化創意產業中的興業精神其特色與一般產業有何不同，以及發現文化創業的特性，雖囿於本研究中的六個個案，但仍應可為對於文化產業的創業有興趣者或是將來想創業者提供文化創業相關資料所參考。
Entrepreneurship means the development of new businesses, and individuals or businesses to focus on innovation and risk-taking action to create wealth in the process. The cultural and creative industries have been acknowledged as a driving force for regional development. Academic community in the domestic pay attention to the entrepreneurship because the high-tech industries and research in cultural and creative industries research is still not many. Cultural and creative industries production system in view of the characteristics of both individuals and groups with high entrepreneurial orientation. Preliminary discussion of the entrepreneurship in creative industries. Therefore, this paper uses to entrepreneurship literature as a basis to explore the culture of entrepreneurship among the creative industries. In addition to the literature review of entrepreneurship in management theory, this research examines cultural and creative industries through the production system characteristics and profile entrepreneurship in creative industries. Cases of cultural and creative industries are investigated to explore out the characteristics of entrepreneurship, is divided into (1) uncertainty: the cause for the non-open Uncertainty, uncertainty of market demand on the entrepreneurs in the process of the features included; (2) risk's spirit: the entrepreneurial process and the challenges for cause, it must uphold the spirit of adventure, and for the cause of creating Success of a key role to play; (3) undertakes the risk: the course will be important in the business uncertainty in the investment of resources will also affect the course of their business success of entrepreneurs; risk is controlled, information, time Lack; (4) innovation strength: cultural and creative industries is a diverse creative aspirations, has allowed unlimited creative industries more diverse, vibrant; (5) resources control and ability: in the tangible and intangible resources to prepare the most Ideally, the entrepreneur must have the ability to smooth the operation of the industry, and (6) opportunity discovery: opportunities for high-acuity to see where, allow industry to create higher value. Management discussed for six found in different industries, a significant degree of characteristics is different, to sum up the spirit of cultural and creative industries in the Industrial characteristics and core values. This number of cases of Tai-hwa Pottery, Chao’s Kilnhome, Trees Music & Arts, White Wabbit Records, Tea Pot Children's Theatre, Gang-a-tsui Theatre. Study found that the entrepreneurial process of cultural and creative industries, and the general industry is different, the identity of the entrepreneur can be multiple, the entrepreneurial process more difficult and cumbersome. Contribution of this article is to provide a culture of entrepreneurship in the creative industries, which features the differences with the general industry, as well as finding the start of the feature, but only in the case of the six cases, this can provide for the cultural industries are interested in entrepreneurship Those who want to start or future academic based culture to do business as a reference. |
