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| 題名: | 澎湖設置博弈特區之政治經濟分析 |
| 其他題名: | The Political Economic Analysis of Casino District Sited On Peng-Hu |
| 作者: | 林佳瑩
Lin, Chia-ying |
| 貢獻者: | 公共行政與政策研究所
劉華宗
Hua-tsung Liu |
| 關鍵詞: | 政治經濟;博奕特區;博奕條款
Political Economy;Gambling Clause;Casino |
| 日期: | 2010 |
| 上傳時間: | 2015-03-10 10:59:05 (UTC+8) |
| 摘要: | 博奕產業的設置，曾數度被政府立法及行政部門作為一重大政策之考量，在台灣的離島中，尤以澎湖提倡設置博弈特區的呼聲最高，主要原因是因為除了其基礎建設及產業根基較諸其它離島完備外，近年來由於受到外在環境的影響，觀光產業逐漸衰退，造成地方政府財政困窘，因而亟思爭取博弈產業的設立，以振興經濟。 設置澎湖賭場必須先通過「博奕條款」，博奕條款因為涉及賭博除罪化的問題，具有道德爭議及治安的考量，歷經十幾年爭論不休，最後在2009年1月12日通過，這中間的變化可能牽涉到諸多面向，尤其在過去幾年當中，歷經兩岸三通、政黨輪替、及無數次的選舉活動，政治環境的變遷也足以使政策改變。 因此，本研究將從澎湖博弈特區的概念源起、發展過程及相關文獻分析的了解，探討澎湖社會經濟現況及澎湖博弈產業環境系絡，藉以了解澎湖設置博奕特區的經濟面與社會面之影響。並運用政治經濟學「互動論」之理論，分析在政黨輪替前後、及二次政黨輪替後，此三個階段中，政治與經濟因素間的互動與影響，以及當時的政治環境對澎湖推動博弈產業之影響。 研究結果發現，博奕產業設置後，可能產生的效益有(一)對政府的稅收有正面的效果(二)改善產業結構，促進產業轉型(三)增加當地就業機會；就社會層面而言，可利用博弈收取的稅金，成立社會基金，用於教育、建設、文化或慈善項目上；負面的影響有可能造成當地經濟局部性的發展、社會風氣及治安敗壞等不可預計的損失。 就政治因素與經濟因素間的互動與影響而論，在政黨輪替前，博奕特區設置緣於經濟利益考量而提出；民進黨執政時期，政治上選票極大化超越澎湖經濟利益考量；二次政黨輪替後，政治算計與經濟利益相互影響下通過博奕條款，因此，就澎湖爭取博奕特區此項政策的發展過程來說，受到政治與經濟兩股力量的影響，而且彼此相互交替轉換，進而才使得此項具爭議性的議題最終能夠通過。
The setting of gambling industry has been considered as a significant policy for the government legislative and executive branches. In the outlying islands of Taiwan, Penghu is particularly in promoting the setting of special gambling zone. This is because compared with other outlying islands of Taiwan. Penghu has more complete infrastructure and industrial base than the other outlying islands. On the other hand, the tourism industry in Penghu is gradually declining caused by the external environment, that development a fiscal stress for local government. Therefore, engaging in setting of gambling industry is in order to revitalize the economy. A legislative approval of gambling clause is required as for the permission for the establishment of casinos in Penghu. However, this gambling clause has been the subject of much debate over 10 years due to the consideration of ethical issues and public safety on legalizing gambling. Finally, approved in January 12, 2009, this may involve many aspects, particularly in the last few years. After the three links, change in ruling parties, numerous elections, and political changes in the environment are sufficient to make policy changes. In this study, we will understand the economic and social impact for the establishment of gambling zone on Penghu through the concept, the development process and the related literature of the gambling zone on Penghu. We also use political & economic interaction theory to analyze the impact and interaction between political and economic factors before and after the first and second change in ruling parties. The result indicates that there is possible benefits after the setting of gambling industry, which includes (1) A positive effect on government's tax revenue (2) An improvement on industrial structure and promotion of industrial restructuring (3)An increase of local employment opportunities. In addition, we can also collect taxes through gambling and use those revenue to set up a social fund for education, construction, cultural or charitable projects within society. However, the setting of gambling industry may also cause some negative impacts such as, localized economic development, the deterioration of social morality and law and other unpredictable losses. Based on the influence and interaction between political and economic factors, the setting of gambling zone was a proposal of economic benefit before the first change in ruling parties. After the Democratic Progressive Party won the presidency, the setting of gambling zone was considered to maximize political votes than the Penghu’s economic benefit. After the second change in ruling parties, due to the interaction between political consideration and the economic interests, the controversial issue of gambling clause is finally approved. |
| 顯示於類別: | [國際事務與企業學系(亞太研究碩士班,公共政策研究碩士班,歐洲研究碩士班)] 博碩士論文-公共政策研究碩士班
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