| 摘要: | 本研究旨在瞭解台灣中部四縣市國中教師在生命意義與悲傷因應智能之現況及其在個人背景變項上的差異，以及探討國中教師生命意義與悲傷因應智能間的關係，並綜合研究結果提出具體可行之建議。 研究方法採問卷調查法，以台中縣34所、台中市15所、彰化縣20所及南投縣12所公立國中教師為研究對象，根據各縣市教師所佔比例，採分層立意抽樣，以修編自何長珠、姜秀惠、戴玉婷（2009）編製，簡月珠、梁寊鈞、賴品伃與研究者共同討論之「全人生命意義量表」而得「國中教師全人生命意義量表」，及與簡月珠共同修編何長珠、歐乃華、李盈瑩（2008）之「悲傷因應智能評估量表」而得「悲傷因應智能量表」兩份問卷為研究工具，發出問卷900份，回收692份，有效問卷658份，回收有效率73％，所得資料以描述統計、單因子變異數分析、Pearson積差相關及典型相關等進行分析。 根據資料分析之結果，本研究獲得以下之結論：一、國中教師的生命意義現況趨於正向。二、國中教師的悲傷因應智能現況屬於中上程度。三、國中教師之生命意義會因個人背景變項之不同而有差異。（一）就整體而言，年齡「50歲以上」、「40-49歲」；已婚；信仰佛教、基督教及其他宗教；教師兼任主任；充分且滿意的人際支持網路；安全依附關係；對靈魂或來世的看法抱持相信看法；有失去摯親經驗的教師，在整體生命意義得分均較其他組別高。（二）就整體生命意義層面而言，研究所以上之教育程度者高於「其他」組；任教於台中市者高於台中縣；健康狀況自評良好者高於中等及稍差。四、國中教師之悲傷因應智能會因個人背景變項之不同而有差異。（一）就整體而言，充分且滿意的人際支持網絡；對靈魂或來世的看法抱持相信看法的教師，在整體悲傷因應智能得分均較其他組別高。（二）就整體悲傷因應智能層面而言，「50歲以上」高於「29歲以下」及「30-39歲」；信仰佛教者高於道教（民間信仰）；兼任主任者高於導師；安全依附關係者高於逃避依附及獨自自在依附者。（三）就分層面而言，健康狀況自評良好者在整體悲傷因應智能層面未達顯著，只在「因應悲傷生理反應」層面高於中等及稍差者。五、國中教師生命意義感與悲傷因應智能有顯著正相關。六、生命意義與悲傷因應智能之間存在兩個典型相關，分別命名為「高生命意義感受-高悲傷因應智能」與「生命靈性提升-悲傷認知重建」。七、提升教師內在因素的成長，可促進教師生命意義與悲傷因應智能之提升。八、根據上述研究結果，提出具體建議，以供相關單位及後續研究者之參考。
This research is to understand the junior high school teachers' present situation about the Meaning of Life and the Coping Knowledge of Grief in the personal background, probe into the correlation of the teachers’ Meaning of Life and the Coping Knowledge of Grief, and give the concrete and feasible suggestions from the results. The approach of the study is to adopt the questionnaire investigation, take the teachers who are in public-junior-high schools in Taichung county (34), Taichung city (15), Changhua (20) and Nantou (12) as samples .Acording to the proprotion of the teachers in the four counties, use stratified purposive sampling with the scale of the school, and refine “Holistic Meaning of Life Scale (HMLS)” created by ChangChu Ho, ShiouHuei Chiang, YuTing Dai, then revised by YuehChu Ghien, ChenChun Liang, PingYu Lai and the researcher in 2009 and “Inventory for the Coping Knowledge of Grief(ICNG)” from ChangJu Ho, NaiHua Ou, YingYing Li(2008) as the study tools. Send out 900 questionnaires, retrieve 692 copies, 658 valid copies, and the retrieved efficiency is 73%. Analyze the datas by descriptive statistics, variance analysis, one-way ANOVA, Pearson product-moment correlation, and canonical correlation analysis. According to the analytic data,the study conclusions are as below:1.On the whole,the Life Meaning of junior-high-school teachers tends to be positive.2.The degree of total Grief Coping Knowlege of junior-high-school teachers is upper medium and near to high level.3.There are significant differences in statistical tests for various factors to the Meaning of Life of junior high school teachers.(1)On the whole, the teacher who are above 50 or between 40-49, married, Buddhists or Christians, chairmanned, sufficient and satidfied with interpersonal support network, safe dependence type, believeing the world after death,experienced beloved-kin died,have higher Life Meaning than other groups.(2)As to the whole Life Meaning, the teachers who graduate degree are higher than ones in “other”group, work in Taichuang city are higher than ones in Taichuang county,have good health status are higher than ones in the milddle and less.4.There are significant differences in statistical tests for different factors to the Grief Coping Knowledge of junior high school teachers.(1)On the whole, the teachers who are sufficient and satidfied with interpersonal support network, believeing the world after death, have higher Grief Coping Knowledge than other groups.(2)As to the whole Grief Coping Knowledge, the teachers who are above 50 is higher than ones below 29 and between 30 and 39,the Buddhist is higher than the Taoism votary, chairmanned is higher than lead-teacher, the security attached is higher than the escape attached and the alone comfortableness attached.(3)As to the part, the teachers who have good health status are not significant differancest in the whole Grief Coping Knowledge, only in the f coping grief body responses part.5.The teachers ' Life Meaning and Grief Coping Knowledge are significantly postive related. 6.Between Life Meaning and Grief Coping Knowledge exist two significant canonical correlations, naming distinctively as “High Life Meaning - High Grief Coping Knowledge ” and “Life Meaning Promotion - Grief Coping Knowledge Reconstruction”.7.As to promot the inner factors,both Life Meaning and Grief Coping Knowledge will be promoted.8.According to the findings, this paper also made suggestions to the authorities and further researcher. |
