| 摘要: | 本文以澎湖西嶼為主體，採歷史研究方法。針對清朝澎湖方志、日本時代澎湖之公文書《臺灣總督府公文類纂》、《澎湖廳水產基本調查報告書》、《澎湖廳水產要覽》等文獻，經過統計、分析、歸納，做為澎湖石滬發展之基本藍圖；並配合實地察查、耆老訪談，以及社區刊物、個人出版等，探討西嶼石滬的空間分布、社會組織，產業形態及其間之關係。 透過文獻整理，劃分澎湖石滬發展為：萌芽期、擴張前期、擴張後期、穩定期等四個時期。本研究以萌芽期石滬主要分布區域-西嶼，為主要研究範圍；經由北、中、南三區之地理環境、聚落發展、人口變化、石滬組織、生計行為等，交叉比對，發現：一、西嶼石滬的分布與發展，受居民生計行為（產業別）與地理環境（廣闊的礁坪）之影響最為明顯。二、半漁半農的聚落，擁有較多的石滬，石滬具有填補生計空缺之意義。三、石滬組織之宗親血緣關係，對於移民初期之社會秩序具有安定的作用。 此外，韓國、日本九州、琉球、台灣、澎湖、菲律賓、大洋洲等諸群島，串成之西太平洋島弧都有石滬分布；大洋洲的石滬分布，與南島語族之遷徙路線高度重疊；「毗舍耶」人可能是史前在澎湖、台灣及附近島嶼活動的先民；石滬形態與構造具有區域差異性，以及海島地理環境之開放性格。因此本研究推論：石滬之發展應為環境起源、文化傳播所致。
This study focuses on Shiyu Coutry in Penghu, adopt the historical research approach. Its resource links concerning ＂ the Local Chronicles of Penghu of Qing Dynasty ＂,＂ the Penghu's official documents of Japanese Colonial Era＂, ＂ Sotokufu(Taiwan Governor Office's official documents)＂, ＂Report on Survey Penghu's Aquatic Products ＂, ＂ Essentials on Penghu's Aquatic Products ＂,etc. By statistics, analysis, induction methods to emerge basic blueprint of development of Stone Weirs of Penghu ;in coordination with field investingation, local elders interviews and community's publication, individual publish as well, it probes into the inter-relationship among Stone Weirs space distribution, society structure and business patterns. Put in order through documents, divide the development of Stone Weirs of Penghu into 4 stages : Sprout stage, expand earlier stage, expand later stage, and stability stage. The research scope in Shiyu Coutry , where Stone Weirs mainly distributed in sprout stage. In comparision with different geographical environment, cluster development , population change, Stone Weirs structure, and livelihood behavior, Ranging from the north, center to the south areas. The research findings show as following: 1, Shiyu Coutry distribution and development of Stone Weirs was influnced by, resident's livelihood behavior and geographical environment 2, The cluster livelihood with agricultural and fishing partly, having more Stone Weirs, They have a renewing meaning of earning a livelihood. 3, blood relationship of clansmen organizing in Stone Weirs, have stable function on immigrant's civil order in initial stage. In addition, all such archipelagoes as S. Korea, Kyushu, Japan, Ryukyu, Taiwan, Penghu, Philippines, Oceania ,etc., Where there the islands of West Pacific Ocean strung together into its island arc there are a trace of Stone Weirs .They are distributed in Oceania, highly overlap with the migration route of the linguistic subfamily of south island; ' Visaya tribe ', people may live in Penghu, Taiwan, and nearby island in pre-historic times ; The shape of Stone Weirs have regional differences with constructing, and the opening personality of island geographical environment. So, this research also conduce to the inference: The development of Stone Weirs, a global island feature evolving into fishery's culture amid intertidal zone, should spread and cause for environmental origin, and culture communication. |
