| 摘要: | 以「九二一集集大地震」聲名大譟的集集鎮，將「集集鐵道文化」列為地方特色的主軸，配合重建造鎮與社區營造的規劃，大步開拓觀光休閒產業的發展。原本逐漸消淡的山林小鎮，在中央各部會相繼提倡社區營造的今天，村里的社區發展組織運作業已漸成熟，並以地方特色為自主發展的核心產業，朝向產業、人文、景觀、環保生態、醫療福祉、社區治安等多元的面向開展，更期待鄉鎮型的社造總體整合，以提昇觀光產業的價值與競爭力。 本研究係採質性研究法針對集集鎮整體造鎮與社區發展的歷程，分析其社造的核心價值、產業轉型，解析社區人對社區文化的認同、社區共識的凝聚、產業的創價、自主發展的認知、地方政府與社區組織的互動模式及角色扮演與推動社造所面臨的窒礙等問題，經探討後得到八項結論，以提供未來研究與推動社區總體營造工作的參考：一、核心價值的判定與社區特色，是社區發展必要的主軸與發展重點方向。二、執政者或是地方首長，應避免捲入無謂的派系糾紛與黨政惡鬥，而影響社區營造的推展三、鄉鎮公所是輔導溝通的平台，與社區發展協會彼此互動為夥伴關係的角色扮演，避免過度主導，而使地方失喪自主與地方特色的發展。四、社造資源分配，是地方派系與政治介入社區運作爭權的因素，應善用柔性溝通協調，取得共利營生的社區認同與共識，化阻力為助力。五、「社區共識」建立不易，且履行約定缺乏約束力，是社區營造推動的窒礙難處。六、過度依賴政府的金援，易受制經費而失原意形塑，惟有社區產業化的自主經營，才能喚起住民生活共同體的意識，凝聚社區資源與向心，營造自主共享的福利社會。七、社區工作需要培訓專業與注入青年人力資源，活化農村生活及社區文化，將社區資源轉化為社區文化資產，並轉型產業化，奠定社區營造的基礎，共謀社區永續發展。八、健全社區文化建設，轉型產業特色發展，提昇住民生活環境品質與公共事務的運作水平，以穩健邁向跨越國際的社區文化發展而永續經營。
After 921 earthquakes, Chi-chi town was well-known with its local characteristics as ＂Chi-chi railway culture＂, and emphasized the construction of community to create tourism and leisure industries. The gradual elimination of support from the central government to promote community building, the community development organization is responsible for building the local characteristics to obtain the community’s key industries, the industry towards the humanities, landscape, ecological environmental protection, medical well-being, community policing, and so forth. In this study, qualitative research method is used to investigate Chichi community development process. We analysis the value of community building, industrial transformation, consensus of community cohesion, and self -cognitive development. Playing as the interactive role, the local government and community-based organizations face the stiffens of central government. We have the following conclusions: First, the core value and the community characteristics are the essential main axles of the community development. Second, the leader of the community should avoid getting involved in unnecessary disputes with the political parties. Third, the townships and the counseling agencies with community development association for the partnership should avoid over-dominant to lose local autonomy. Fourth, local community resources are the main factors of the local political involvement in community operations. Fifth, community consensus building is not easy. Sixth, over reliance on financial aid of government is vulnerable in community building. Seven, people in community needs professional training and young one should be lead into rural life and community culture. Finally, the perfect community culture construction, the reforming industry characteristic, will promote the living conditions and the public affairs operation. |
