| 摘要: | 檢視有關臺灣通訊產業之文獻，多探討行動通訊服務業之效率，但受評單位數量少，不易找出整體效率前緣，且欠缺對手機製造業經營效率研究資料。因此，本研究以2003-2006年期間臺灣上市上櫃之16家手機製造業廠商為樣本，運用資料包絡分析法(Data Envelopment Analysis, DEA)與Malmquist生產力指數(Malmquist Productivity Indices, MPI)來衡量廠商技術效率與生產力變動情形，提供廠商對後續經營效率改善的參考。 研究結果顯示，廠商各年度技術效率平均值以鴻海、華寶、廣達分列前三名，表現最優；大霸表現最差。廠商各年度總平均生產力變動(Total Factor Productivity, TFP)為1.036，顯示產業生產力總平均成長3.6%，其生產力基於技術變動率成長；TFP以華寶、仁寶、鴻海、宏達電呈現成長，英業達持平，其餘各廠商均呈現衰退。另依技術效率與技術變動效率比較，可將產業發展劃分四大類型，其中高成長與高效率類型較具競爭力，計有華寶、英華達、仁寶、鴻海、英業達等廠商；而低成長與低效率類型競爭力相對最弱，計有明基、華冠、光寶、華碩、大霸、啟碁、緯創、神達、楠梓電。
Majority of previous studies on cell-phone industry in Taiwan focus on the efficiency of cell-phone service sector, but rarely on the relative management efficiency and productivity vicissitude of the cell-phone manufacturers. This research applies Data Envelopment Analysis and Malmquist Productivity Indices to study the compiled data during the period of 2003-2006 from 16 marketed cell-phone manufacturers for evaluating their technical efficiency and productivity vicissitude. This result may serve as supplemental references for the management efficiency. This research shows that Foxconn Electronics, Compal Communications and Quanta Computer ranking respectively the top three manufacturers for the best technical efficiency; however, DBTEL Incorporated, Inc. is the poorest performer. The average Total Factor Productivity (TFP) of all manufacturers is 1.036, showing a 3.6% total average growth in terms of industry productivity; the productivity is based on the growth of technological change rate. Compal Communications, Compal electronics, Foxconn Electronics Inc. and High Tech Computer showed growth in TFP, Nventec still kept the same pace; however, others are on the decline. Comparing the technical efficiency and productivity vicissitude among them, we can divide this industry into four major types. The most competitive high growth and high efficiency type consists of Compal Communications, Inventec Appliance Corporation, Compal electronics, Foxconn Electronics Inc, and Nventec; however, Qisda Corporation, Arima Communications, LiteOn Technology, ASUSTeK Computer, DBTEL Incorporated, Wistron NeWeb, Wistron Corporation, MITAC Technology Corporation and Wus Printed Circuit are the lest competitive low growth and low efficiency type. The manufacturers of low growth and low efficiency type require improvements in both productivity and technical efficiency to increase their competitiveness in this industry. |
