漁村聚落的產業、宗教與地方認同－以雲林縣台西鄉蚊港村為例

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Title:	漁村聚落的產業、宗教與地方認同－以雲林縣台西鄉蚊港村為例
Other Titles:	The study of the fishing settlement's entrepreneurship, faith and identity of place--A case study of Wengang Village, Taisi Township, Yunlin country
Authors:	吳英宜 Wu, Ying-yi
Contributors:	建築與景觀學系環境藝術碩士班辜率品 Shuai-pin Ku
Keywords:	漁村聚落;產業發展;水產養殖;地方感;產業型態 fishing settlement;entrepreneurial development;aqua-farm;productive method;sense of place
Date:	2008
Issue Date:	2015-04-20 14:43:23 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	臺灣傳統漁村聚落蘊涵著先民所傳承下來的漁業文化，隨著時代的進步及價值觀的改變，仍保有傳統的漁村聚落的地方產業與宗教信仰，聚落獨特之自然環境與產業結構的變化，造就當今地方的空間意涵。　　　　研究透過資料蒐集、實地調查、參與觀察、深度的訪談及相關文獻資料回顧，以時間向度為軸，呈現出蚊港聚落的發展脈絡，早期聚落是由血緣關係的林、許及吳姓人士在同一時期進駐開墾，歷經一百多年的演變，住宅建築物從草竂、磚瓦屋至鋼筋混凝土的樓房。　　本研究以「漁村聚落的產業、信仰與地方認同－以雲林縣台西鄉蚊港村為例」作為研究對象，聚落的地方產業由早期的農耕種植轉變為水產養殖-鰻魚、文蛤為主，由於早期的經濟環境較差，農耕種植的經濟效益不高，加上整個環境結構的轉變，逐漸將產業轉變為以水產養殖產業為主，聚落居民對於產業型態與地方的生活空間的演變，反映出地方上的居民經濟與生活品質的提昇與產業的發展；自六輕工業區進駐於麥竂，對於鄰近的聚落如蚊港的環境也產生了劇烈變化，因此透過探討希望建立起對當地聚落發展情勢的瞭解。　　　　蚊港聚落生活中的信仰中心大廟為－鎮安府，其祭祀的主神為五府千歲，該廟宇所供奉的神明是由南鯤鯓代天府所分靈的神明之一，創建於嘉慶二十五年(西元1820年)，至今已有一百多年的歷史，為蚊港聚落的守護神，地方上的居民藉由宗教信仰與祭祀圈活動在聚落中扮演維繫著認同的重要力量，及建立地方認同感，集結人與人彼此間的互動關係，形塑地方上居民的力量。　　　　目前聚落的發展出現一些危機：(1)水產養殖業超抽地下水，造成聚落地盤下陷嚴重；(2)工業區污染事件的產生，這些危機的產生，嚴重的影響地方上居民的生活及安全，這些困境，均有待政府的重視並提供幫助。　　Traditional fishing settlement of Taiwan contains fishery culture that inherits from our predecessors. After advancing of time and deviating of values, the fishing settlement still keeps some of its traditional production and religious inspiration. Its unique natural environment, entrepreneurial spirit and religious inspiration are the basic element that engender the specific sense of place.　　　　The study is processed by collection of information, field investigation, participating observation, interview and retrospection of documents. In the early developing stage of Wengang village it was started by Lin, Hsu and Wu families which formed the main population of the settlement. During the development process, the building structures evolve from thatched cottage, brick house to reinforced concrete building. 　　　　Recently, the settlement’s productive methods turn from agricultural one to aqua-fram, which mainly produces eels and clams. Because of the bad economical environment of the early stage, which caused the inefficient agricultural production, and the transformation of the overall environmental structure, the Wengang village gradually takes aqua-farm as the main productive method. Moreover, the transformation of the productive method and economic development will influence the residents’ living quality and gradually transform the specific sense of place. 　　　　The village’s main religious center is “Zhen An” temple. The temple’s main worshiping subjects are “ Wu Fu Qian Sui”, which originally come from Nankushen’s “Dai-Tian” temple. This temple was established in A.D. 1820. It has a history of more than 100 years. It worships the patron saints of Wengang village. The settlement’s residents maintain the approval living style and sacrificial activities defined by religious belief, thus reinforcing the specific sense of place.　　　　To conclude, the study find out some critical issues of the settlement such as :(1) The aqua-farm cause the terrene of the settlement to sink ; (2) The pollution accidents caused by economic programs such as Liu-Qing industrial zone require the attentions of the citizens and governments.
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