| 摘要: | 人類文明大多傍河而生，但台灣河川地形陡峭，河道坡度大，加上地質不穩及雨季集中，河川整治一向以防洪建設為首要。近年來受國際案例之影響，加上經濟發展，人們所得提昇，進而追求生活空間的質與量的滿意，為達成國人之期望，因而在河川流域的改善工程上，便出現「親水、休憩」功能之景觀環境規劃。 加上近年來，台灣地區在經濟結構轉變與加入WTO的衝擊下，農業產銷面臨轉型的關鍵期。因此政府單位也積極推動農村再造，期望以休閒農業之策略為台灣農村再定位。各地社區營造單位也積極參與，結合當地之特色來規畫，爭取相關經費的支援。因此鄉村河岸的改善，也成為社區營造的重點。 本研究以生態永續為主要論述基礎，以嘉義縣竹崎鄉義仁橋段河岸為研究對象，透過資料蒐集、實地長期的田野生態環境監測、參與式觀察及深度訪談，脫離都市水岸思維，建立台灣鄉村河岸永續發展之對策及未來相關規劃準則。研究中發現在景觀生態的結構、功能與變化之概念下，檢視其景觀規畫之施工歷程，在監測之結果中，共發現植物69科202種，以禾本科及菊科之種數最多，進一步探討老樹保留之過程，發現造成景觀破碎化，經由綠建築之生態指標之分析，可見生態工法是較能保有綠化、生物多樣性及基地保水功能的施作方法，未來應多鼓勵。在鳥類監測共發現15科19種，以留鳥居多，夏候鳥為家燕、冬候鳥為灰鶺鴒，麻雀數量最多，豐富度會隨基質之穩定呈現高低變化，在保留林地及營造生態池的規畫下，讓基地仍能保有良好之豐富鳥類，另鳥類監測之微觀中，可知本基地仍可印証碎形理論。魚類共發現6科10種，其中石 的出現協助証明當地水域為輕度污染，固床工及堤防修繕工程，仍可發現物種的明顯減少。 本景觀規畫以生態工法施作，試圖結合當地之人文及自然生態，但因缺乏真正的居民參與過程，在現地的後續維護出現認知的落差，在基地設施方面仍重視遊憩功能，在永續經營上有待溝通，如能在往後規畫上加以改善，未來農村河岸規畫上，以生態工法施作，仍是值得讚賞的。
In Taiwan, the river terrain is steep and the river course is sloppy, adding to the soil is unstable and the raining season is concentrating, There fore the first step of the river renovation is to construct the flood protection facility. Recently, because of the international trends, the economic development, the increasing of general income, Taiwanese put much athenaeum to pursuit the better quantity and much quantity of living space. To fulfill this expectation, the accessibility to and recreation function of water appear on the riverbank’s. Furthermore, in recent year, the transformation of economic structure and the impact of joining WTO result in new challenge for agricultural production and marketing, Thus the government elaborates on the reconstructs if countryside with expecting to redefine Taiwan’s countryside the strategy of recreational agriculture. Moreover, various units of community development, Vigorly participate the program, incorporating local characters and finding related financial supports, Thus the improvement of countryside’s riverbank become essential for community development. This research takes the sustainability of Ecology as the main elaboration foundation, assign Jiayi County Chu-chi township Yi-ren bridge section river bank as research object. By means of data collections, the long-term ecological monitor, observation and interview, the research is separated from the metropolitan waterfront thinking’s and set up sustainable development strategies and future planning standards for the countryside’s riverbanks in Taiwan. Under the concept of landscape ecology’s structure, function and variation, the research inspects the implementation process of the landscape plan, the research is covers the plants of 69 branches and 202 kinds, most of which are “Gramineae” and the “Asteraceae”. Further discussing of the old tree retention, the sluing discovers that the construction has created the landscape fragmented. By means of analyzing the green construction, obviously the eco-technology method is comparatively more efficient in preserving greenery biodiversity and water, thus deserving much encouragement. The research finds 15 branches and 19 kinds of different species in bird monitor. Most of them are resident birds, which include summer specie. “domestic swallow” and winter species “Motaglla cinerea”and “Domestic sparrow”. The intensity of richness shows passivity along with the stability of matrix. Under the planning stressed on green preservation and ecological-pond creation, the designated site still maintains the richness of bird species. Moreover , under the micro-viewpoint of bird monitor, the designated site testify the fragmented shape theory. The research finds 6 branches and 10 kinds of attests fish species. The appearance of “Acrossocheilus paradoxus” the light pollution level of local water quality. On the other hand, the fix work of river-bed and embankment restoration night result in the obvious reduction of various species. The landscape planning is intended for the eco-technology method, and tries to link local culture sector with natural ecology. However, a lack of discussion from the local people. result in recognition differences in following maintain and issues. In terms of site facilities, the project still pays much attention to recreation faction. Which needs much communication with sustainable management. By function improvements of eco-technology. Method deserves much praise. |
