近年來，台灣民間團體非政府組織的國際援助活動蓬勃發展。他們藉由「以人為本」的思維與關懷行動，掀起了「非政府組織熱潮」促成一股龐大的社會力量。台灣NGOs在與全球社會接軌的開展上歷經多年，不但展現出身為國際社會的一份子所履行國際義務，並且承擔國際社會的責任與能力，突顯台灣人民參與全球事務的誠意與活力。 台灣非政府組織大都是宗教團體，而宗教團體本身是一個複雜的文化形式，它又創造出一種相對獨立的宗教文化，成為世界文化的一種特殊形態，也是世界文化發展上的一個環節。在這複雜的世界體系中，人道援助及發展問題已衍生成為台灣援外政策的重要思考問題。而這些非政府組織在援外發展脈絡中，究竟傳達出何種結構性的文化意涵？本文研究對象慈濟係國內宗教慈善團體之一，又是非營利與非政府組織；慈濟援助活動為何能夠在政治結構之外而發展成功產生很大效應？慈濟為何能夠促使台灣社會結構改變？慈濟國際援助行動是在何種社會脈絡下發起？及其所產生的效應價值？這些乃是值得探討的議題。 非政府組織研究和文化研究一樣，仍有其特定語境與發展脈絡，但兩者之間是可以對話的，進而開擴雙方視界和學術研究領域。文化研究問題意識來自於具體的歷史、社會、文化環境，是在於面對問題，而台灣所呈現的主題、主體已經累積到有相當的能見度而且需要被回顧、檢討與反省。本論文乃綜合非政府組織文化研究為旨趣，藉由以上的問題意識以慈濟國際援助的文化活動為研究對象。試圖從社會學、政治學觀點與文化理論的視角來詮釋和分析批評。研究目的在於：〈一〉 探究慈濟對台灣社會的價值意義。〈二〉 探究慈濟組織轉型成功的條件。 本論文分為六章。第一章，緒論；第二章，探討台灣非政府組織的發展與意涵；第三章，探索慈濟基金會在國內發展的條件、策略與文本理由；第四章，探究慈濟基金會國內往國外援助策略意義、慈濟與政府互動關係；慈濟與國外團體關係；第五章慈濟文化之特質與建構；第六章結論根據各章節中的討論分析，解決問題進而達成研究目的，對台灣非政府組織運作管理與國際服務功能討論分析並提出觀點。 文化研究係經許多學者思考或沉澱。文化研究所發展出的這些理論，其中有些研究的對象與條件與慈濟現象頗為類似，筆者嘗試利用這種方式來詮釋慈濟，試圖讓我的論述更加深入與完善。 In recent years, international relief activities of private non- official organizations have developed vigorously in Taiwan. It has raised ＂NGOs fever＂ to form a huge social strength by its “human-centric” thoughts and caring actions. NGOs in Taiwan have been globalizing for many years. They do not only demonstrate that being a part of international society is obligated to undertake the responsibility but also reveal that Taiwanese people are enthusiastic at participating in the global affairs. The Taiwan non- official organizations mostly are religious groups. However, religious group itself is a complex cultural form, and it also creates one kind of relatively independent religious culture. It’s a link in the world cultural development as well as a kind of special form in the world culture. In this complex universal system, the humanity aid and its development have grown into the most important issue to the policy of Taiwan’s assistance to foreign countries. Moreover, what kind of constitute cultural meaning does these non- official organizations in the aid to foreign countries actually transmit? The research object is” Tzu-Chi”, which is one of domestic religious charities, and also a non-profit and non- official organization. The article will discuss about how Tzu-Chi can develop successfully and furthermore, produce huge effects outside the politic constitute This research is based on the cultural activities of international assistance in Tzu-Chi; tries to analyze and interpret from the aspects of sociology, politics, and cultural theory. The research objectives are：（1） Inquire the value and meaning of Tzu-Chi toward Taiwan Society.（2） Inquire the conditions for Tzu-Chi‘s organization transformation and its achievement. There are six chapters in the article. The first chapter is introduction. The second chapter discusses the development and importance of NGOs in Taiwan. The third chapter explores the conditions, strategies and reasons for Tzu-chi to develop domestically. The fourth chapter looks into the meaning of Tzu-Chi’s international assistance; the interactions with the government; and the relations with foreign countries. The fifth chapter introduces the characteristics of Tzu-Chi’s culture and its structure. The sixth chapter is the conclusion which is based on the previews discussions and analyses to provide reflections and findings in hope of enhancing the function and administration as well as the international service capability in NGOs in Taiwan.
