南華大學機構典藏系統:Item 987654321/20491
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    题名: 意識型態與經濟體制之互動：改革開放後中共社會主義的轉型
    其它题名: The Interaction of Ideology and Economic System: The Transformation of CCP's Socialism after Reformation and Openness
    作者: 蕭衡鍾
    Hsiao, Heng-chung
    貢獻者: 國際暨大陸事務學系亞太研究碩士班
    朱言明
    Yen-ming Chu
    关键词: 社會主義市場經濟;社會主義現代化;經濟轉型;和平演變;中國特色社會主義
    Socialism with Chinese Characteristics;Modernization of Socialism;economic (institution) transition/ transformation;socialist market economy;Peaceful Evolution
    日期: 2008
    上传时间: 2015-05-10 12:05:48 (UTC+8)
    摘要: 　　位處東亞重心的中國大陸在經歷了文革「十年浩劫」平均主義的左傾路線後，自言三進三出的鄧小平於1978 年底所舉行的「十一屆三中全會」上取代了華國鋒成為最高領導人，改以務實、彈性之態度來進行經濟上漸進式的對內改革與對外開放。這一路走來，中共終於在1992 年之「十四大」中宣告其具有中國特色的「社會主義市場經濟」體制正式成型。儘管各年經濟成長率維持一定水準且對通膨的控制還算得當，也已非以往之「馬列主義計畫經濟」，但嚴格觀之，以生產資料之社會主義公有制(即土地國有、大企業國營)為主體的「社會主義市場經濟」，和以私有制為主體之「資本主義自由經濟」在本質上仍有著差異。加上中共在既需要發展經濟建設卻又得防止資產階級自由化與和平演變發生的情況下緊守「政左經右」原則，在其四個堅持之下來進行改革開放，形構了鄧小平口中所謂的：「我們要走具有『中國特色』的社會主義道路」。　　　　依照中共的現代化建設事業之發展進程來看，中國大陸於上世紀末、本世紀初時便已達到其人均GDP800~1000 美元的既定戰略目標，但也因傾斜發展政策而造成東西、城郷、貧富等差距，整個社會經濟結構也隨著生產力的發展與市場競爭機制之出現而產生變化，普羅大眾日常生活觀念的改變自不在話下。儘管江澤民主政後期不斷宣示要全面建構小康社會，向2050 年成為中度發達國家之目標邁進，亦提出三個代表和重申三大文明來健全有中國特色的社會主義民主，鞏固共黨領導與執政權之正當性，但若由「歷史唯物主義」和「政治系統理論」來看，則兩套制度雙軌並行的矛盾終將浮現。在既已不可能再走回頭路且又得投入經濟全球化、參與區域統合之情況下，越發高漲的資本主義因素跟愈益興盛的己利思維非但將導引中國大陸經濟體制之再次轉型，也勢必更進一步造成中共意識型態的二度變遷，促動及引發「中國特色社會主義」的轉型。　　　　故本文乃自完整呈現出意識型態之發展脈絡與經濟體制的演變軌跡出發，以宏觀視角來對兩者之相互作用及影響作一政治經濟分析，大膽假設、小心求證，不去預估中共社會主義轉型的時間點，而是在於探討其轉型的方向。經研究後發現，中國大陸目前幾乎等於是在走過去台灣的老路，實現中山先生之民生主義；而未來則將會在中共的主導下，透過逐步自由化與私有化以完善市場經濟，先行過渡至市場社會主義，最後並持續朝向類似於西北歐模式的民主社會主義轉型，同時兼顧經濟發展效益、社會公平分配和政治民主法治等三元素。
    　　Ever since “the Three Represents” entry into the Party Constitution was officially passed during the CCP's 16th Party Congress in 2002, the academia has often witnessed articles talking about private enterprises owners' right to join the Party under the socialist system of public ownership of the means of production as the mainstay, and the transformation of CCP's character. In March, 2007, the national congress constituted and passed the Property Law,which indicated “the pattern with the public sector remaining dominant and diverse sectors ofthe economy developing side by side” and “a diversified distribution system with distribution according to work as the main form” officially proclaimed in the Constitution have virtually come into the common laws and regulations. Apparently, this is really a move against thetraditional ideology, yet it is claimed to be a necessary step in building the Socialism with Chinese Characteristics and a practical act considering the current developmental reality of the mainland and keeping up with times in building the undertaking of Socialism Modernization, by high-ranking officials of CCP. It is also deemed as implementing the guide ideology of Scientific Approach to Development and the policy creed of Harmonious Society put forward by President Hu Jintao. However, people should know the what but also the how,so the author believes that it is necessary to look into the historical development of the theory so as to know how the ideologies of Karl Marx, Friedrich Engels, Vladimir Ilich Lenin and Josef Stalin combined with China's reality and got evolution ( namely Chinese characterization/ localization/domestication). In other words, this paper has been discussing how Scientific Socialism gave birth to the theory of Socialism with Chinese Characteristicsby way of Chinese Characterization of Socialism and Socialist Modernization, in the hope of learning from CCP's ideology and reform & opening up theory to foresee the future as well as comprehending more similar matters. After analysis, the author holds the opinion that theoverseas ideology of Scientific Socialism has undergone Chinese characterization till today from which the theory of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics was essentially shaped during the CCP's 15th Party Congress but is still experiencing perfection and evolution along with the changing reality and the actual developmental trend of the mainland. And the modernization of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics is forging ahead constantly. The CCP's 17th Party Congress recently concluded has also proved the author's standpoint.
    显示于类别:[國際事務與企業學系(亞太研究碩士班,公共政策研究碩士班,歐洲研究碩士班)] 博碩士論文-亞太研究碩士班

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