近年來台灣產業結構改變，加上景氣衰退，勞動力需求減少，失業率增加，整體勞動市場面臨巨大衝擊與轉變，而首當其衝者，可謂中高齡之勞工。中高齡勞工在面臨產業快速轉型下，較易產生如失業危機、轉業不易、職場上職務升遷困難等問題。因此，政府針對此一現象乃實施一系列中高齡者就業促進方案，其中包含鼓勵勞工參與職業訓練，以促進勞工轉業、就業、培養第二專長。 因此，本文欲探討參與職業訓練對勞工薪資是否有提升之效，並且分析影響勞工參與職訓之因素。本研究選用「華人家庭動態資料庫」在2002年和2005年之資料，以differences-in-differences估計法，評估中高齡勞工參與職訓後對其薪資之影響。研究結果顯示，職業訓練對中高齡勞工之薪資有顯著且正向影響，且男性中高齡者其受惠程度似乎遠勝於女性中高齡者。另外，個人特徵也會影響到勞工參與職訓意願。例如：教育程度、子女數、任職於政府部門等，皆為影響勞工參與職訓之因素。 Due to the change of industrial structure and economic recession, the labor market of Taiwan has been experiencing a dramatic transformation in the past decade. In order to reduce the structural and cyclical unemployment, the government have provided a large number of training programs and encouraged employed and unemployed workers to participate in these vocational trainings. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the impact of vocational training on earnings of the middle-aged in Taiwan. Using data from Panel Study of Family Dynamics in 2002 and 2005, we employ differences-in-differences estimation method to estimate the earning differentials equation. The advantage of the differences-in-differences method is that it can control for nonrandom selection problems due to individual unobservables which are either constant and /or changing over time. The results show that vocational training has a positive and significant effect on earnings of both male and female middle-aged who participated in vocational training, and male middle-aged appear to benefit more from vocational training than do female middle-aged. We also find that demographic characteristics, such as education, the number of children, working in the public sector, are determinants of participating in vocational training for the middle-aged.
