馬來西亞華巫族群關係

南華大學機構典藏系統 > 社會科學院 > 國際事務與企業學系(亞太研究碩士班,公共政策研究碩士班,歐洲研究碩士班) > 博碩士論文-亞太研究碩士班 > Item 987654321/20609

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题名:	馬來西亞華巫族群關係
其它题名:	The Chinese-Malay Ethnic Relationship in Malaysia
作者:	陳美萍 Piang, Tan Bee
貢獻者:	亞洲太平洋研究所謝劍 Jiann Hsieh
关键词:	華人;馬來人;族群關係;族群邊界;認同 Chinese;Malay;Ethnic relationship;Ethnic boundaries;Identity
日期:	1999
上传时间:	2015-05-11 15:33:31 (UTC+8)
摘要:	相較於其他多族群國家，馬來西亞族群關係具有其特殊的形態。本論文企圖從各個層面：歷史、社會、經濟、及政治等面向來討論馬來西亞華巫族群意識與關係。從英殖民地「分而治之」、獨立建國至實施新經濟政策等各個時代，論述華巫兩大族群意識如何互為影響，致使在各個領域架構起「族群邊界」。文中亦論及了兩大族群內蘊的的心理因素如何強化了他們的族群意識。「族群邊界」根植於族群政黨及各項政策法令中。在憲法及州法令上，明文規定了「誰是馬來人」；政治上的族群政黨：馬來政黨代表馬來人，華人政黨代表華人，政黨領袖以捍衛族群利益的姿態互為協商，塑造了所謂的「族群利益」；新經濟政策重組社會及消除貧窮的目標以族群為導向，導致了國家資源分配的族群化；而國家文化原則則把各族群文化劃分為「土著文化」及「外來文化」。當各個領域皆出現「族群利益」、「族群導向」及「族群邊界」時，族群意識的滋長成了無可避免的趨勢甚至模糊了國家意識。筆者所討論的華巫族群關係指涉了華巫族群之間互動的方式、他們的族群認同、他們對彼此之間關係的觀念，及導致他們對族群課題反應的種種因素。文中亦推論在民主人權思潮下，可以預見的是，馬來族群知識份子及中產階級或會在他們的馬來族群內部的要求更多平等，然而這一項動作仍無法擴展至族群之間平等。 The ethnic relation in Malaysia is unique and different from other countries with multi-ethnic society. This thesis is an attempt to analyze the ethnic relationships among the two major ethnic in Malaysia, i.e. Chinese and the Malays, from various aspects. The historical, social, economical and political factors were used to examine the salient features pertaining to the nature of ethnic groups and inter-ethnic relations. It can be seen that over the years, from the period of British colonization until the implementation of the New Economic Policy (NEP), the Chinese and Malays had influenced each other in all aspects until ethnic boundaries were shaped and developed. Psychological component of these two ethnic groups was also discussed as it is crucial to the development of ethnic consensus. “Ethnic boundaries” had rooted in the ethnic politics and various policies. The Federal Constitution of Malaysia and other ordinance had already defined the term “Malay”. In the politics, the Malay political parties represent the Malays and the Chinese political parties represent Chinese communities. These political parties aim in protecting the interest of each ethnic groups, therefore created existing of “ethnic interest”. On the other hand, New Economic Policy and National Culture Policy has also lead to the development of ethnic consensus. My discussion emphasized on how the Chinese-Malay ethnic relation has influenced on their interaction with each other, ethnic identity, their viewpoints with regards to ethnic relationships and their reactions towards ethnic issues. Under the influenced of human rights, it can be clearly observed that the Malay intellectuals and middle class group demanded for equality in the Malay Society, but the equality among the ethnic has not yet to be achieved.
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