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| 題名: | 九Ｏ年代歐洲聯盟的中國政策研究 |
| 其他題名: | The European Union's Diplomatic Policy Towards China in the 1990s |
| 作者: | 蘇芳誼
Su, Fang-Yi |
| 貢獻者: | 歐洲研究所
吳東野
Wu, Tung-Yeh |
| 關鍵詞: | 歐洲聯盟;歐洲議會;人權;世界貿易組織;擴展與交往
European Union;European Parliament;Human Rights;World Trade Organization |
| 日期: | 2000 |
| 上傳時間: | 2015-05-15 15:28:08 (UTC+8) |
| 摘要: | 冷戰結束之後，當歐洲政經整合的進程持續擴展之際，東亞地區也因為中國大陸政治、經濟、軍事力量的快速崛起而受到重視。亞歐兩大區域的分與合，自然對九Ｏ年代的國際政治造成一定程度的影響，特別是歐洲聯盟（European Union；以下簡稱歐盟）與中國的雙邊關係發展，益發凸顯後冷戰時期強權帶動多極化的國際體系走向。 由於歐盟期盼能與美國共同分享主導國際事務，但因受到諸多條件之限制，歐盟似無足夠的能力與決心如美國般地扮演世界警察的角色。因此面對中國這樣一個新崛起的強權，歐盟必須靈活運用其外交策略，積極與中國進行合作交流，這不單可以擴大歐盟在中國的影響力，同時也有助於提升其在國際社會的發言地位。 於是自一九九四年七月起，歐盟陸續發表了「新亞洲戰略」、「中歐關係的長期政策」、「一九九七年後的歐盟與香港」、「與中國建立全面伙伴關係」以及「執行與中國建立全面伙伴關係之評估報告」等五項報告。由上述報告可以發現九Ｏ年代以來歐盟中國政策的三大內涵：第一、支持中國經濟的改革，鼓勵其對外開放市場，同時藉中國加入世界貿易組織（World Trade Organization；WTO），促其遵守國際經貿協定；第二、支持中國在聯合國或其他國際組織扮演負責且具建設性的角色，並信守防止武器擴散與禁止核試的國際安全規範；第三、繼續與中國進行政治對話以解決彼此的歧見，督促中國落實公民權利和政治權利國際公約之內容。歸結上述幾點說明可知，歐盟落實雙邊對話或合作的方式，顯然是以敦促中國走向開放的道路為首要目標，而維繫雙邊的永續發展與促進利益的極大化，則是歐盟中國政策的實質內涵。
International politics in the post-Cold War period has been influenced by the consistent progress of the European Union (EU) as well as the rapid growth of China in the political, economic, and military realms. It perfectly demonstrates the idea － pursued by various countries during the Cold War － of having ＂multi-polarity＂ in the world. Since July 1994 the EU has continually announced five official bulletins: ＂Towards A New Asia Strategy＂, ＂A Long Term Policy for China-Europe Relations＂, ＂The European Union and Hong Kong＂, ＂Building a Comprehensive Partnership with China＂, and ＂on the Implementation of the Communication -Building a Comprehensive Partnership with China.＂ This shows that since 1990s the EU has adopted three major policies toward China. First, the EU is willing to support China's economical reforms, help China to open its market to the world, and support China's membership in the WTO. China, in turn, should follow the rules of the international economy and trade, and actively take part in the international economics. Secondly, the EU encourages China to play a responsible and constructive role in the UN or other international organizations, and is strictly against arms and nuclear proliferation. Thirdly, the EU continues to conduct a political dialogue with the China government in order to solve bilateral different opinions, and press China to carry out the human and political rights listed in the international conventions. To sum up, it's obvious that the first and most important goal of European Union's China policy is to urge China to make political reforms and head for a open road. The substantial intention of the EU's China policy is to maintain the bilateral sustainable development and maximize the interests between China and EU. Helpful is a comparison between the China policies of the EU and the US. In fact, the EU's China policy and the ＂Congagement＂ policy advocated by the exhibit only US minor differences. The EU has demenstrated the desire to be as dominant as the US, but obviously does not have the strength to play such a role. Therefore in the face of a rising power such as China, the EU is making every effort to work together with China, by the EU's. This not only extends EU influence over China, but also helps to raise the position of the EU in global society. |
| 顯示於類別: | [國際事務與企業學系(亞太研究碩士班,公共政策研究碩士班,歐洲研究碩士班)] 博碩士論文-歐洲研究碩士班
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