癌患家屬照顧經驗中壓力之探討

NHUIR > College of Humanities > Department of Life-and-Death Studies > Disserations and Theses(M. A. Program in Life-and-Death Studies) > Item 987654321/20865

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Title:	癌患家屬照顧經驗中壓力之探討
Other Titles:	The Stress of Cancer Patients' Families in Care Experiece
Authors:	何怡儒 Her, Yi-Ru
Contributors:	生死學研究所尉遲淦 Kan YwiChi
Keywords:	家屬;主要照顧者;照顧經驗;壓力;照顧期望;調適;內在轉化 family;primary caregivers;care experiece;stress;care expectation;adjustment;inward transformation
Date:	2002
Issue Date:	2015-05-18 15:14:28 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	家庭中有人罹癌時受到衝擊的不只是病患而已，主要照顧的家屬面對癌患身、心的問題所承受的壓力亦不小於病患。本研究的目的在探究癌症病患家屬主要照顧者之壓力感，以瞭解其壓力的形成，及其面對照顧過程中壓力情境的適應與轉化，以瞭解其壓力事件的正面意義。本研究採立意取樣，以中度參與觀察的方式介入，共訪談了十一位家屬主要照顧者，並將蒐集的資料作現象的描述與內容分析。研究結果發現，家屬的照顧壓力源自於「照顧期望」，自診斷初期、治療期間至癌患末期，家屬們將照顧期望建立於家屬自身及照顧癌患的歷程之中，同時因與家庭其他成員、醫護人員的互動而受到了影響，形成家屬們不同程度的壓力。面對壓力其支持系統與運用：（1）照顧癌患的資訊，家屬需要醫療團隊的支援與協助。（2）個人與癌患在心理、情緒上的需求，多來自朋友、家族的支持系統。（3）心靈的需求則靠宗教信仰的力量以獲得精神上的支持。初期面對親人罹癌與病情惡化時，兩位家屬以逃避、遺忘、和壓抑的方式用來減輕壓力。面對情緒性壓力，家屬能夠「自我的統整」，如：角色扮演的學習、想法的改變，以及肯定自我…等的正向經驗，家屬不斷地從中學習調適與因應的方法。照顧困境受苦的覺察與了解提供「內在轉化」的機會，家屬於照顧歷程中體認「醫療極限」與照顧的「有限性」。多數的家屬於「價值觀」與「生活態度」層面上皆有改變，家屬們體認自身的生命任務、正視人生的各種考驗、學習尊重「自我」和「他人」都是獨立的個體，面對和處理問題的態度亦有所改變。本研究的結果可以增進癌患家屬、醫護人員以及輔導人員對於家屬在照顧癌患過程中角色扮演及其壓力的形成與調適的了解，得以正視家屬照顧者其壓力的正面意義；亦能提供醫護人員、社工及輔導人員之參考，並進而激發人們對生命有更多的關懷及更深入的省思。 Not only does the patient who suffers cancer receive the impact, but the family primary caregiver bears the stress while facing the patient’s physical and mental problems as well. This study aims at making explorations into the stress the family primary caregiver of the cancer patient faces for an understanding of the causes as well as the adaptation and transformation to stress circumstances in the process of care for a grasp of the positive significance to events of stress. This study adopts conception purposive sampling to interview 11 family primary caregivers by means of moderate participation and observation into the intervention, and to give the data gathered the phenomenon description and content analysis. Findings show the family primary caregivers’ stress results from the “care expectation” while they have their expectation built on themselves starting from the early stage of diagnosis, during the treatment and to the end of the cancer patients’ life, along with those caregivers’ different level of stress arising out of the interaction with other family members and medical personnel affected in the course of caring for patients. The supporting system and employment to the stress are as follows: (1) information of caring for cancer patients while those family primary caregivers need supports and assistance from medical team; (2) psychological and emotional requirements for individual caregivers and cancer patients mostly come from friends and families’ supporting system; and (3)spiritual requirements gain psychological supports from power of religious belief. Two of these primary caregivers tried to alleviate their pressure by means of evasion, forgetfulness and suppression while in the early stage of the patients’ suffering of the cancer and at the aggravating stage of their condition. At the face of emotional pressure, family primary caregivers can initiate “self integration” such as a learning of role play, changes of ideals and self affirmation, etc., all positive experiences from which them learn methods of adjustment and changes. A perception and understanding of caring those in predicaments and sufferings offer the opportunity of “inward transformation” as those family primary caregivers realize “medical limits” and “limitations” of care in the course of caring. Most of them have changes both on levels of “values” and “life attitudes” while they are individuals in experiencing their missions of self life, looking at ordeals of life without bias and learning to respect “self” and “others”, and furthermore, they have changes on their attitudes toward problems they face and deal with as well. Results from this study not only enable these family primary caregivers, medical personnel and counselors to understand those caregivers’ role play as well as causes and adjustment of the stress in the course of caring for looking at without bias, but also provide medical personnel, social workers and counselors with reference, furthering motivating people’s more care and in-depth reflections toward life
Appears in Collections:	[Department of Life-and-Death Studies] Disserations and Theses(M. A. Program in Life-and-Death Studies)

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