公營事營民營化是我國政府的既定政策。民營化政策依據的是一個政府鬆綁、民間接手的政治與經濟理念。無論國內在民營化實施過程中，不管理論或實物上均產生不少爭議。這是因為民營化不但涉及政府與民間角色的重大轉變，而且需要有優良政策與法規的充分配合。本論文主要針對汽車客運業，在民營化過程的政策與作法作探討，希望找到一個較可行的模式，以供其他產業在實施民營化做借鏡。 民營化的方式有：撤資、委託與替代三種。因為汽車客運業有“路權”的問題，所以有採取委託、簽約、外包等公辦民營的方式，公辦民營可以減少民營化政策所造成的負面效果。以嘉義縣公車處為例，公車處採機構委託、修理廠採外包委託，配合長庚醫療專區的設立，地區的營運，公益性也可以兼顧。 本研究發現：透過民營化的公辦民營方式，將人員移轉其他縣府單位或資遣不具公務員任用資格人員；修理廠開放對外營業；與台塑集團聯盟設置加油站等多角化經營，加上公辦民營競標獲利路線的權利金，公辦民營以後可以改善現有虧損的經營方式。因此，民營化對公車客運業是一條可行的道路。 對於民營化過程，本研究提供的建議步驟為：一、成立民營化推動小組。二、公車處先行整頓。三、員工預期抗爭的溝通與疏導。四、普遍性確保的問題。 本研究最後將嘉義縣公車處公辦民營的民營化做一SWOT分析，同時也對接受的民營業者作一SWOT分析，希望能獲得一較明確的結論。對同樣的縣市政府經營的澎湖縣公車、基隆市公車，本文也有所探討與比較。 Privatization is the trend of the century. It is based on the argument of economic efficiency. However, during thee process of the privatization, the debate was devastating from the sector of government to the civilian concerns. We can see that The success of privatizations is due to the well as the private sector. coordination of the government as well as the private sector. This study focuses on the privatization of the public transportation in the suburban Chia-yi county. Withdrawal. Licensing and substitute are the three major types of privatization. While for the public transportation, because it is related to the “right of way”, the type of government-own-private-run would be the most suitable for every aspects. It will face the least obstacles and has the best benefit for both public and private sectors. The Public Transportation Authority(PTA) of Chia-yi County has suffered deficits for a long time. The local Government’s compensation is becoming an impossible burden. In light of the development of the county, the privatization is just about the time for the PTA. The main concern of the PTA’s privatization is to open the profit-making route to the private enterprise and collect the licensing bonus. For the concern of social benefit, the bonus will compensate to the transportation of remote area. This proposal will be carried out by the following procedures: first, organize a team for privatization, second, regulate the organization of PTA; third, communicate and negotiate with the employee of the PTA; fourth, bidding for the profit-making route; fifth, continuing the campaign for privatization.
