| 摘要: | 傳統農村聚落是漢人移墾時代最重要的一種聚落型態。一個聚落的形成，也是該聚落空間的形塑過程。在過往的聚落研究中，大多偏向建築、人類和地理學等單視點方面的研究，本研究則以跨領域方式討論聚落的空間課題。並且希望透過農村聚落的空間研究，來探究聚落中的神聖／世俗的空間象徵意義與型態。本研究的切入角度是：當遭到霸權化世俗空間的侵擾時，尤其是面臨到真實問題時（如本次研究的焚化爐事件），聚落的空間結構中所蘊含的深層涵意扮演了什麼樣的角色。 本研究是透過田野調查（fieldwork）和參與式觀察（participant’s observation）的方式掌握研究區資訊，以嘉義縣大林鎮排子路庄作為主要的研究區域。大林鎮是一個典型的農業村落，仍然保有豐富的傳統空間意義，但在中央（環保署）及地方政府－鎮公所的政策運作下，正面臨到現代國家空間體系對地方上的入侵（興建小型焚化爐事件），大林鎮民眾的地方意識因此凝聚起來，而產生了抗爭衝突的事件。 本研究內容分為五個章節。第一章說明研究動機與目的，來界定本文研究的理論建構，並作相關文獻回顧及分析。第二章則是探討農村聚落的形成－從大莆林到大林鎮的變遷，以及排子路庄內部的神聖空間秩序。第三章就是以探討國家權力與地方社會之空間秩序。從日據時期大林鎮的空間／權力，至戰後時期的空間／權力，探討在國家權力／空間架構之下的地方意識。第四章以當地抗爭事件為例，藉由鄉土意識的醒覺，掙脫對世俗權力的枷鎖反抗，探討其中的衝突點。第五章是對本研究的結論。
Traditional farming settlement had been the most typical kind of settlement for the Chinese people who migrated to Taiwan for hundreds of years. The present study, which choose Ta-Lin as the research subject, is an inter-disciplinary approach to understand the different spatial significances formulated over the ages in such a settlement, especially the sacred and the profane ones, and their conflicts over a public affair today. This study includes three primary sections: （1） Over the past centuries, the religious tradition of Taoism played the key role in formulating the spatial organization and spatial significances in the traditional Chinese settlement. This study has discussed Ta-Lin’s local religious beliefs, and the spatial organization and significances upheld by the residents. （2） But since the age of Japanese colonialism, Ta-Lin experienced abrupt transformation of their social and political organization under the imperialist regime. As a result, the spatial ordering of their place had been dominated and reformulated according to the non-religious, profane political power. This study reveals how a centralized political power came to impose itself to the local people, through inserting a new spatial/geographical ordering system. This scenario even lasted through the Kuo-ming Tang Nationalist government, wherein modernist urban planning laws were generally enforced, and in the making of public policy, modern economic development for the place dispersed any consideration of local religious sentiment. （3） In the case of a high profile protest launched by the residents of Ta-Lin against the placement of an incinerator, the so-called 大林抗爭事件, we find that in the present day, most interestingly, the religious significance of the place and the corresponding spatial praxis in the traditional settlement still reflect the most deep-seated value of the local residents. The protest itself, which gained national media attention, in the end was a conflict between the sacred and the profane systems of spatial ordering. |
