台灣現代殯葬禮儀師角色之研究

NHUIR > College of Humanities > Department of Life-and-Death Studies > Disserations and Theses(M. A. Program in Life-and-Death Studies) > Item 987654321/21180

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Title:	台灣現代殯葬禮儀師角色之研究
Other Titles:	The Role of Taiwan Modern Funeral Director Study
Authors:	陳繼成 Chen, Chi-chen
Contributors:	生死學研究所徐福全 Fu-Chiuan Shiu
Keywords:	臨終關懷;死亡;殯葬;喪禮;角色;禮儀師;悲傷輔導 interment;funeral;role;funeral director;undertaker;mortician
Date:	2003
Issue Date:	2015-05-28 14:15:44 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	這是國內第一篇以殯葬「禮儀師」為研究對象的論文，主要目的是企圖為台灣現代殯葬「禮儀師」的角色作定位，使社會大眾對「禮儀師」有正確的認識，俾提升「禮儀師」的社會地位，並為未來的「禮儀師」證照考試及「禮儀師」培訓課程規劃提供參考。　　　本論文研究過程如下：一、首先以「禮儀師」在國內外歷史脈絡的演變中，為現代「禮儀師」定義，並充實其涵蓋的內容。二、藉由角色理論的應用，嘗試以文獻分析、參與觀察與深入訪談的研究方式，對「禮儀師」的角色進行探討。三、研究西方與我國「禮儀師」的實際工作內容，並配合「禮儀師」本身、喪親家屬與主管機關對於「禮儀師」所扮演的角色期待，為我國現代殯葬「禮儀師」作角色之定位。四、最後探討台灣目前殯葬「禮儀師」的養成教育現況。本研究發現，台灣現代的殯葬「禮儀師」的工作內容與西方先進國家的「Funeral Director」大致相同，負責承辦從臨終咨商到後續關懷所有的「治喪事宜」。而與西方「禮儀師」最大的差別，在於我國「禮儀師」須對傳統殯葬禮俗深入瞭解並肩負詮釋及指導家屬遵行儀節的責任，與西方人以宗教主導喪禮的文化是全然不同的，他們的「禮儀師」在喪葬儀節上只是扮演協助宗教師的角色。我國「禮儀師」的角色是奠基於對殯葬禮俗及儀節的瞭解，藉此將「禮儀師」所扮演的角色擴張到社會、心理與教育的層面。「禮儀師」在指導殯葬儀節的同時，一方面，代表了中國傳統倫理價值的傳承；另一方面，也代表了「禮儀師」，所象徵的文化意義。　　　台灣「禮儀師」的養成，因為缺乏正規的學校教育，祇能採取傳統師徒制或短期研習班的方式，這對於政府希望以實施禮儀師證照制度來達到專業化的預期目標，仍存在著很大的落差。　　　因此，根據本研究結果建議國內大學盡快設立殯葬學系，以便在正規教育的體系下培育高素質的「禮儀師」，在高職設禮儀科培育司儀、襄儀、遺體防腐、美容等「禮儀士」。另外，在相關領域的研究所招考具實務經驗的學生，以培訓殯葬科系的師資，這樣才能全面提昇殯葬從業人員的素質與服務水平。　　This is the first academic thesis that focuses on the study of funeral director in Taiwan with an attempt to identify the role of funeral director in modern society and to provide the public with a better understanding of those who perform their duties in the last rites. Hopefully, this research would not only help enhance the social status of funeral director but also pave the way for the implementation of certification and training courses of funeral director in the future. 　　　The theme is being approached according to the following steps:1. To pin point the definition of a funeral director in modern world by researching the history of funeral service in Taiwan and in other countries.2. To explore the role of funeral director through reference analysis, on-the-site observation and field interviews.3. To compare the work of funeral directors both in Taiwan and in the western world. To identify the role of modern funeral director in Taiwan by conducting discussions with funeral directors, the bereaved and authorities concerned and by analyzing their expectation of what a funeral director should be.4. To probe the issue of how current funeral directors are being trained in Taiwan.　　　This research indicates that the work performed by funeral directors in Taiwan, including consultation and follow-up services, is almost identical with that performed by funeral directors in western countries. However, difference exists as far as culture is concerned. Religion definitely plays an important role in the western funeral, which is why the funeral director functions to facilitate the ongoing of religious rites. In Taiwan, the funeral director must possess a full understanding of funeral tradition and custom because he is expected to carry out the duty of interpreting the rites and directing the bereaved during the rites. 　　　The role of funeral director in Taiwan is based on the understanding of funeral tradition and custom. Consequently, this role is being expanded and elevated toward a social, psychological and educational level. While directing during the progress of the rite, the funeral director is in fact the one that signifies both the inheritance and bequeath of traditional ethical values at the same time. The cultural significance is, therefore, fully demonstrated.　　　Due to the deficiency in regular education, the funeral director in Taiwan can only be cultivated through apprenticeship or short-term courses. There is still a long way to go before a professional certification system could be established by the government.　　　According to the findings of this research, there are several ways to improve the quality and service of the funeral industry. First of all, it is imperative for the universities of Taiwan to establish department of funeral services for the purpose of cultivating high-quality funeral directors. Vocational schools might set up special sections of learning where students can be trained to become assistants to funeral director. In the meantime, teacher training courses offered by graduate schools would aim to recruit those who have experience in the industry.
Appears in Collections:	[Department of Life-and-Death Studies] Disserations and Theses(M. A. Program in Life-and-Death Studies)

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