| 摘要: | 本研究旨在探討音樂治療對國小兒童自我概念及行為困擾之輔導效果。本研究以南投縣光華國小五年級普通班兒童為研究對象，隨機選取三十名兒童，分派至實驗組與控制組，每組各十五名。實驗組成員連續接受每週兩次，每次四十分鐘，共計十二次之音樂治療團體活動，控制組則不接受任何實驗處理。 本研究採實驗組－控制組等組前後測實驗設計，以實驗處理（亦即進行音樂治療與否）為自變項；受試者在自我概念及行為困擾上之表現為依變項。以「國小兒童自我概念量表」、「行為困擾量表」為評量工具，使用統計套裝軟體程式，將測驗完成後的資料進行分析，以驗證研究假設。並採迴歸分析方法，考驗實驗組與控制組之差異顯著性。此外亦整理歸納「單元活動回饋表」、「團體總回饋表」、「活動教案問卷調查表」及團體過程記錄、錄音、錄影等資料，對實驗組成員進行質的分析，以作為評量實驗效果之佐證。 實證之迴歸統計結果顯示，就自我概念而言，在實驗後一週內，音樂治療對國小兒童之自我概念表現具正面效果，其中在外貌自我概念、情緒自我概念上有顯著進步，而家庭自我概念、學校自我概念及身體自我概念上則影響較不顯著。而在實驗後六週內，音樂治療對自我概念之效果仍呈持續性，其在各分量表上之統計結果與實驗後一週內之結果相同。 就行為困擾面而言，在實驗後一週內，迴歸結果亦顯示音樂治療對國小兒童之行為困擾有正面影響，其中在分量表之自我關懷困擾、人際關係困擾有明顯的正面影響，而身心發展困擾、學校生活困擾及家庭生活困擾則無顯著改進。在實驗後六週內，音樂治療對行為困擾之效果仍呈持續性，其中在自我關懷困擾、學校生活困擾、人際關係困擾、家庭生活困擾上均有顯著改進，惟在身心發展困擾的影響上較不顯著。
The purpose of the study to explore the effect of music therapy to elementary school children’s self-concept and behavior disturbance. This study consisted of 30 school children and they were divided into two groups (experimental group and control group), each consist of 15 children. The experimental group was treated by musical activities 12 times, twice a week and 40 minutes each time. In control group remained untreated. In this paper, the independent variable is whether music therapy is practiced or not, and the dependent variables are the scope of self-concept and behavior disturbance. The Measurement Table of elementary school children’s self-concept and behavior disturbance was used as a measurement tool. The SPSS statistical software and regression analysis were used to test the difference between the experimental group and control group. Also the feedback table and questionnaire were used to prove the experimental effect. The statistical regression analysis showed, so far self-concept was concerned, during one week after experiment, music therapy did cause positive effects elementary school children’s self-concept. Especially appearance self concept and emotional self-concept were obviously improved, while family self-concept, school self-concept and physical self-concept were not. During six weeks after the experiment, the effect of music therapy remained the same. As to behavior disturbance, during one week after experiment, the regression result also showed music therapy had positive effect on those children, especially on self-concept disturbance and relationship disturbance, while physical and mental development disturbance, school life disturbance, family life disturbance were not obviously cured. Six weeks after the treatment, the therapeutic effect still remained. But differently, the self-concept disturbance, school life disturbance, relationship disturbance and family life disturbance were obviously released, while physical and mental development disturbance was not. |
