| 摘要: | 知識分享是知識管理的重要議題，而虛擬社群則是資訊科技與網際網路中最適於互動與交流的應用方式之一。本研究以網路讀書會為研究對象，探討影響知識分享的重要因素；採取「質性多重個案研究法」，以深度訪談的資料來分析瞭解現況，進而將個案實務上作法與相關理論加以分析比較，並推導出結論與建議。 研究結果發現，個人因素、團隊特質、領導風格、社群文化、管理制度，皆能促進知識分享意願、良好的資訊系統會間接增強分享意願，資訊系統不好則會降低意願，性質較接近保健因子。組織因素中，影響分享的順序為：在社群剛成立時，領導風格對分享意願的影響最大；但是社群規模漸大時，領導者個人就無法管理這麼大的社群運作，必須靠管理制度來運作；當社群規模更大時，就要靠社群文化。社群是否具有且認同分享文化，以及是否能反映這些文化，其影響就很大。 研究建議：1.進行知識管理時，不可忽略知識分享的重要性。2.在有限的資訊系統下，透過內部的調整與安排，使分享的效果極大化。3.引進資訊工具後，配套措施必須完善，以免空有分享的工具，而沒有知識分享行為。
Knowledge sharing is an important topic in knowledge management, and virtual community is one of the best applicable approaches to interact and communicate with others in the field of Internet and information technology. Taking Web-based Study Circles as a research target, key factors that influence knowledge sharing are explored in this thesis. Using the ＂Qualitative Multi-Individual Case Study＂ method, data that are collected from deep visits to individuals are analyzed to help understand the current approaches. By comparing the practical ways from the individual case studies with the theoretical ones, some conclusions are drawn and suggestions are made. Research results show that factors such as individual personalities, characteristics of a group, leadership style, community culture, and managerial system can all affect knowledge sharing. In addition, a good information system will also potentially encourage the will of knowledge sharing while a poor one may limit it, which is similar to health factors in nature. At different stages of a community development, the factors that influence sharing are various. At an early stage, the leadership style plays a significant role. However if the community is growing larger, it will be no longer ideal for individual leaders to operate the entire community. At this stage, a good managerial system should be introduced to make it well function. When the community becomes even larger, it will rely mainly on the community culture. To has, accepts and reflects the cultures for the community will make a big difference of knowledge sharing. Based upon our research, some suggestions are 1) In knowledge management, the importance of knowledge sharing cannot be ignored, 2) Good internal management and adjustments in an available information system should be well operated to maximize knowledge sharing, and 3) Besides having a good information system, all other necessary measures should also follow up to avoid a scenario where no active knowledge sharing happens within a well-equipped knowledge sharing system. |
