波蘭經濟體制轉型之研究－兼論華盛頓共識之發展

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Title:	波蘭經濟體制轉型之研究－兼論華盛頓共識之發展
Other Titles:	The Research in Poland's Economic Transition--Development of Washington Consensus
Authors:	戴明安 Tei, Ming-ann
Contributors:	歐洲研究所洪美蘭 Mei-Lan Hung
Keywords:	震撼療法;華盛頓共識;後華盛頓共識;波蘭;經濟轉型 Shock Therapy;Post-Washington Consensus;Poland;Washington Consensus;Economic Transition
Date:	2003
Issue Date:	2015-06-04 11:33:38 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	在1989年社會主義體制崩潰之後，中東歐國家快速地朝向市場經濟轉型。其中，率先遵循新自由主義經濟改革方案「華盛頓共識」（Washington Consensus）而採行激進模式「震撼療法」（Shock Therapy）的波蘭經濟轉型，其亮眼的經濟表現，益發凸顯其「波蘭經驗」的獨特之處。　　　本文試圖以制度分析途徑對波蘭經濟體制轉型進程進行分析解釋，探討波蘭經濟體制轉型過程的經改策略抉擇、政策內涵以及經濟表現。本文首先探討新自由主義經濟改革形成的背景，指出拉丁美洲經驗、華盛頓共識引出激進改革的思路。其次歸納波蘭經濟體制轉型的主要的制約因素，以勾勒出影響其經改策略抉擇內外在因素。再者，進入波蘭經濟體制轉型階段性分析，從整體性經濟發展可以得知波蘭經濟體制轉型前後期之分野，經改政策內涵的差異，反映了前後期經改背景、制約因素的不同，其中包括了波蘭政府因應外在壓力因素（西方國家、國際金融組織），和內部政黨林立的波蘭國會之間，進行艱難的經濟改革過程。其中，藉由「波蘭經驗」檢視「華盛頓共識」所反映的新自由主義經濟哲學，並歸納其對「華盛頓共識」的修正重點，和整理「後華盛頓共識」（Post-Washington Consensus）之相關討論，以提供往後經濟轉型做為借鏡。　　　After the collapse of the socialist system, central and eastern European countries accelerated their march to a market economy. Among these countries, the Poland first took the revolutionary reform – “Shock Therapy”, and has good economic performance. It perfectly demonstrates the “Poland experience” of having peculiarity. 　　　This thesis uses institutional analysis approach to research the economic transition progress of Poland, including the choice of economic reform strategy, the content of economic transition policy, and economic performance. Firstly, moving into the background of the neo-liberalist economic reform’s birth, pointing out that the “Latin American experience” and “Washington Consensus” led to the revolutionary reform approach. Then to sum up the main factors, that influence the economic transition of Poland, draws the outline of the external and internal factors, which determine the choice Poland’s economic reform strategy. And then through the analysis of economic transition’s progress in Poland by phases, with the difference of economic transition policy, defects the demarcation of the earlier and latter phases. It reflects the distinction of background and restriction of the two phases, including that Poland government at the same time faces the external pressure from western countries and international financial organizations, and multiparty parliament on the other side, to carry economic reform out arduously. The survey of “Washington Consensus”, by the experience of Poland economic transition, concludes the amendments of “Washington Consensus” and the form of “Post-Washington Consensus” for the latter economic transition.
Appears in Collections:	[Department of International and China Studies, The M.A. Program of Asia-Pacific Studies and Public Policy Studies] Disserations and Theses(M.A. Program in European Studies)

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