西班牙殘障福利政策

南華大學機構典藏系統 > 社會科學院 > 國際事務與企業學系(亞太研究碩士班,公共政策研究碩士班,歐洲研究碩士班) > 博碩士論文-歐洲研究碩士班 > Item 987654321/21439

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题名:	西班牙殘障福利政策
其它题名:	Welfare Policy for the Disabled in Spain
作者:	邱雅珍 Chiu, Ya-tsen
貢獻者:	歐洲研究所林信華 Hsin-hwa Lin
关键词:	殘障;西班牙;殘障福利;福利;福利服務;政策 Welfare;Disabled;Spain;Service
日期:	2003
上传时间:	2015-06-04 11:33:43 (UTC+8)
摘要:	自第二次世界大戰之後，歐洲各國對於福利國家的發展至為重視，對於殘障者的保護責任，由過去家庭與慈善事業改以國家扮演起此一角色，藉由社會連帶責任將殘障者生活保障的風險，交由全體社會成員共同分擔。隨著社會思潮的改變，西班牙人民對於殘障者關懷亦於逐年改善中，而西班牙之殘障福利法亦在社會事務暨工作部的推動下，將擴大對殘障者之各項權益做保護。　　　本論文共分為九章，第一章序論說明研究動機、目的、範圍、方法及限制，第二章則對西班牙社會福利及殘障福利做概要介紹；第三章從西班牙內戰結束之後迄今政治、經濟的發展，分析這些因素在社會經濟制度上的變化，以及它們是如何影響西班牙社會福利之殘障政策的發展，第四章介紹殘障福利的經濟來源；殘障福利政策實乃政府社會政策之一環，尤其是社會安全制度，而社會安全制度又因各個時期政治體制及經濟發展條件的改變而有所不同；第五章先對醫療保健制度做概要性介紹，國民健康保障是所有現代國家極為重視的政策環節，西班牙以「公醫制度」的模式建立「國民保健制度」，分為「初級健康照顧」與「專業醫療服務」兩個等級，依照健康區域劃分，提供全民直接醫療服務。　　　因此在此章中介紹並解釋各種健康保障措施的定義及基本內容，再將西班牙對健康保障制度的殘障醫療健康服務部分做介紹；第六章殘障者的社會服務的概念及實施狀況，對不同的殘障者所提供的服務機構做介紹，西班牙公共部門提供的社會服務可分為中央與地方兩個層級，中央負責規劃及監督管理，由各自治區、省、市政府執行運作；第七章介紹歐盟政策對西班牙之影響；第八章介紹現今西班牙殘障福利的限制及未來的展望；最後在第九章結論一方面展望西班牙未來殘障福利的發展方向，另一方面也提出西班牙殘障福利可供我國參考之處。　　　　　After World War II, European countries began to put their emphasis on the development of social welfare policies. The responsibility of caring protecting and the disabled in Spain has been transferred from that of the family and charitable organizations to that of the government. Their welfare legislation has continued to expand to protect the rights and privileges of the disabled , so that disabled are able to gain more and more benefits. 　　　　In fact, there is no isolated disability welfare system, all the services for the people with disabilities are subordinate to their welfare system, they include Social Security benefits, National Health Insurance, Social Welfare, Housing Service, Special Education. The definition of “ disability “ in Spain is so different in Spain's compared administrative areas to what is understood in Taiwan, so this thesis attempts to introduce those differences.　　　　In Spain, the economic guarantee for the disabled includes not only the pension under social security, but also the subsidiary dispensation of complementary pension, which resembles the subsidies of Atlantic means-test. Their National Health Insurance is divided into two levels: preliminary health care and secondary health care; those can receive direct medical services based on their respective residing Health Zone. 　　　　The main research method of this dissertation is historical analysis. The author tries to look into the welfare system for the disabled in Spain through the documentary materials both in social welfare theory and historical development. On the one hand, the author discusses after General Franco was in power, what effects he brought to the development of welfare system for the disabled; on the other hand , the author wants to scrutinize the present state in Spain concerning the following three aspects of their system : social security policy, the health care policy, and social welfare services for the disabled. The direction of Spain's future development will also be included in this dissertation. Spain's welfare system for the disabled give them very good care in complete aspect, but the bureaucracy often creates that makes it difficult for the disabled barriers to obtain their benefits. The experience of Spain could be a good lesson for us; Community Care and the Sheltered Employment policy. So we can take advantage of the Spain what are most noteworthy and deserving of our attention are in the areas of the disabled people.
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