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| 題名: | 台灣地區行政區劃之研究一以治理取向之觀點 |
| 其他題名: | The study on the problem of Administrative Division in Taiwan--The Overview for Governing Approach |
| 作者: | 凌聖凱
Lin, Sheng-Kai |
| 貢獻者: | 公共行政與政策研究所
紀俊臣
Chun-chen Chi |
| 關鍵詞: | 行政區域調整;行政區劃;國土規劃;治理觀點 |
| 日期: | 2004 |
| 上傳時間: | 2015-06-04 14:29:01 (UTC+8) |
| 摘要: | 台灣光復後行政區域發展計畫約可分為三個時期，第一時期為政府遷台至民國三十九年實施地方自治；第二時期為實施地方自治至北、高升格直轄市與新竹、嘉義的改制省轄市；第三時期為民國八十三年省縣自治法、直轄市自治法通過，確立地方自治法人的地位至民國八十八年精省。由這三個時期觀之，半世紀以來台灣行政區域調整，似較忽略區域治理與區域發展的課題。台灣現已成為工業化與都市化的社會，凡事都須通盤規畫，因之，台灣行政區域的發展，必須在專業宏觀的國土規劃下重新形塑。 首先就「行政區劃」相關論述，即先對行政區劃的概念進行介紹。隨之對政府層級與行政區劃之關係加以探討，俾有助於未來政府組織改造工作的順利推動。接著更對國土規劃與行政區劃之關係作一番研究，以因應未來行政區劃的趨勢潮流。其次，在「台灣行政區劃回顧與展望」方面，對台灣行政區劃的歷史進行回顧；更對台灣行政區劃現況進行檢討。隨之以行政、政治、法制、財政四面向，對行政區劃過程中，可能遭遇的問題提出探討。接著提出行政區劃未來之展望，包括：改革願景、改革策略等。最後，在「國土規劃下之行政區劃」方面，利用治理、政治等觀點，與日本都道府縣及市町村行政區域調整經驗，分別探究我國縣、市層級與鄉、鎮、市層級行政區域調整的最佳發展方向為何？並提出縣、市層級與鄉、鎮、市層級的規劃構想。 本論文研究發現，第一治理觀點下，縣市層級行政區劃將朝三個方面發展：1.建立中央與地方協力合作發展關係；2.建立府際多元參與；3.建立整合性發展協商機制；而在鄉鎮市層級行政區劃方面也將進行兩方面的改造：1.橫向-鄉、鎮、市區域的重劃；2.縱向-鄉、鎮、市體制的再造。第二政治觀點下，不論是縣市升格、縣市合併或鄉鎮市廢除，都不是全面性的看法，這三項主張皆太過偏於一方之私，要獲得合理合適的行政區域調整，就必須重新回到國土規劃的架構下，撇去政治力的干預，進行整體性的區劃，始能造就全面性、完整性的行政區域。第三汲取日本行政區劃的經驗有四：1.行政區域擴大與行政層級縮減是必然的趨勢；2.行政區劃的順利推展有賴法制的完備；3.無論何種層級進行行政區域調整皆須納入國土規劃架構下；4.行政區域隨時勢的演變而適時作出調整。第四行政區劃的規劃構想，以「行政區域的整併，跨大轄區規模」為主軸，在縣市部分參與生活圈與產業圈觀念的結合以達成區域發展，在鄉鎮市以地方生活圈為主要概念。
Since Taiwan's reclamation, the administrative zoning development has gone through three periods. The first period began when the central government relocated to Taiwan and ended in 1950 when the local autonomy system was put into effect. The second period began with the implementation of the local autonomy system and ended when Taipei and Kaohsiung were upgraded to be municipalities directly under the jurisdiction of the Executive Yuan and Hsinchu and Chiayi cities were reorganized and became Taiwan provincial cities. The third period began in 1994 when the Autonomy of Provinces and Counties Law and the Autonomy of Municipalities Law passed in the Legislature and provinces, counties and municipalities established their status as autonomous statutory persons and ended in 1999 when Taiwan Province was downsized. Viewing from the three periods, the adjustment of Taiwan administrative zones in the past fifty years seems to have neglected the topics of regional administration and development. Taiwan has now become an industrialized and urbanized society and must plan everything according to grand strategy. Therefore, the development of Taiwan administrative regions must reshape their image under professional and grand national land planning. Related discussions on “administrative zoning,” i.e. the concepts of administrative zoning are first described. Then the relationships between government hierarchy and administrative zoning are investigated so as to facilitate the reengineering of government organizations in the future. Still then the relationships between national land planning and administrative zoning are studied so as to respond to the trend and movement of future administrative zoning. Besides, with respect to “Retrospection and Expectation of Taiwan Administrative Zoning,” the history of Taiwan administrative zoning will be examined, and the current state of Taiwan administrative zoning will be reviewed. It will be followed by administrative, political, statutory, and financial aspects; problems that may be faced in the process of administrative zoning are put forth and investigated. Next, future expectations of administrative zoning, including vision for reform, reform strategies, etc. are presented. Finally, with respect to “Administrative Zoning Under National Land Planning,” the optimal development direction of administrative zone adjustment in the county and city, and township levels in Taiwan is investigated from governing and politics perspectives and by referring to Japan’s experience in the adjustment of administrative zoning in different levels of administrative hierarchy. Ideas about planning at the county and city, and township levels will be presented. This study found that from the perspective of governing, administrative zoning at the county, city level will develop in three directions: (1) establish assistance, collaborative development relationship between the central government and local governments, (2) establish inter-agency diversified participation, and (3) establish integrative development negotiation mechanisms. Administrative zoning at the township level will also restructure in two directions: (1) horizontal rezoning of hsiang, chun, and city regions, and (2) vertical reengineering of hsiang, chun, and city systems. Second, under the perspective of politics, neither county or city upgrading, county or city merger, or abolishment of townships is a macro-view point. Each of these three proposals is biased. In order to obtain reasonable, suitable administrative zone adjustment, returning to the structure of national land planning is necessary. Political interference must be avoided, and then holistic zoning can be conducted. Only then can comprehensive, complete administrative zones be created. Third, Japan’s experience in administrative zoning reveals four points: (1) the expansion of administrative zones and shrinking of hierarchical levels are an unstoppable trend, (2) the smooth implementation of administrative zoning must depend on statutes, (3) the adjustment of administrative zones at any level must be conducted under the national land planning structure, and (4) administrative zones are adjusted in response to the changes of times. Fourth, the conception of administrative zoning plans has “the consolidation of administrative zones, the expansion of area under their jurisdiction” as the axis. At the county and city level, zones that participate in living circles and industrial circles combine to achieve regional development, while at the township level, local living circles are considered the major concepts. |
| 顯示於類別: | [國際事務與企業學系(亞太研究碩士班,公共政策研究碩士班,歐洲研究碩士班)] 博碩士論文-公共政策研究碩士班
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