從營業自由的觀點論警察對營業場所之行政檢查權

NHUIR > College of Social Sciences > Department of International and China Studies, The M.A. Program of Asia-Pacific Studies and Public Policy Studies > Disserations and Theses(M.A. Program in Public Policy Studies) > Item 987654321/21466

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Title:	從營業自由的觀點論警察對營業場所之行政檢查權
Other Titles:	View Gewerbefreiheit to discuss police administrative inspection to business place
Authors:	徐良維 Hsu, Liang-wei
Contributors:	公共行政與政策研究所李震山 Chen-Shan Li
Keywords:	司法審查;營業自由;警察職權行使法;行政檢查;搜索;居住自由;警察;行政調查
Date:	2004
Issue Date:	2015-06-04 14:29:04 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	人民之「營業自由」乃是經濟自由權的一環，是保障人民營生的權利，更是憲法所應保障之基本人權，但在我國由於未被列舉在憲法所列舉的人權清單中，因此在憲法解釋上即產生爭議，本論文試圖將營業自由在我國憲法中作一完整之定位，以便作為警察對營業場所實施相關檢查措施的新指標。　　長久以來，由於我國警察職權法制的不備，導致警察可隨機決定檢查之營業場所及恣意的行使警察職權，嚴重侵犯人民之基本權利。因此本文首先係以德、日、美等先進國家的警察職權法制來作比較研究，並配合我國的本土化情勢，在歷經法律「授權不足」的警察勤務條例時代、對臨檢新建構的大法官釋字535號解釋之「過渡時期」，至目前已有法律正式授權的「警察職權行使法」，望能將我國的臨檢及其他與營業自由相關的警察職權作一個新的詮釋。其次，釐清一般行政機關與警察機關危害防止任務的分配、及其間管轄權限的不同，以利在非警察管轄的特種營業之管理中，了解主管機關對營業的監督檢查法制、警察權不當介入之情形，並提出修法建議。同時，基於我國警察有著「行政」及「司法」雙重身分，釐清警察臨檢與刑事搜索處分的異同，並解決其糾葛。最後，基於有權利即有救濟的法理，探討人民之基本權若受警察機關行使職權侵害時，應如何提起行政救濟之問題。　　本論文共分八章。第一章為緒論。第二章為警察對營業場所實施行政檢查權之理論基礎。包括了警察之概念及警察國家之批評、人權保障與治安維護的權衡、國家公權力的合法性與正當性的問題、行政檢查相關概念之釐清、經濟自由下營業場所的憲法保障問題。第三章主要介紹警察與一般行政關危害防止任務之分配以及其間職務協助之相關問題。第四章乃從比較法的觀點，來觀察先進國家如德國、日本及美國，對「營業自由權的保障、限制」及「警察進入營業場所之法規範」。第五章為「我國營業自由之憲法定位」。第六章為「我國警察進入營業場所檢查之法規範」。第七章係探討警察對營業場所的各項檢查措施的行政救濟。第八章為結論及建議。　　Gewerbefreiheit is a loop of freedom of economic, is a right of protecting human make a living, is also a constitutional right. Gewerbefreiheit is not enumerated at constitutional rights list, so resulting form some disputes. Try to make Gewerbefreiheit completely position in our country constitution in this dissertation. Be an index of the police to carry out and check. 　　For long time ago, is incomplete law about powers of police, to cause police can check business place as they wish. To invade people fundamental rights serious. To compare the law about Germany Japan America these country’s police officiate powers, to match up our situation. Now we have new law about to use of police powers. To hope can to explain the powers of police and Gewerbefreiheit. To make off administrative organizations and police powers.Our police have administrative and judicial double powers, to make off criminal search and temporary search, to clear up complications. In the end, because of powers is give relief to. To discuss police to trespass people’s rights, how to exercise a rights. 　　In this dissertation have 8 Chapter. Chapter one is introduction. Chapter two is basic of theory about police administrative inspection to business place. Chapter three is introduction administrative organizations and police powers. Chapter four is view the compare the law of Germany Japan America. Chapter five is place constitution of Gewerbefreiheit. Chapter six is the law about police check business place. Chapter seven is how to give administrative relief to police administrative inspection to business place. Chapter eight is conclusion and suggestion.
Appears in Collections:	[Department of International and China Studies, The M.A. Program of Asia-Pacific Studies and Public Policy Studies] Disserations and Theses(M.A. Program in Public Policy Studies)

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