本論文分為五個章節，第一章就後現代主義與後設小說理論的內容與背景作一探討，同時比較二者的異同之處；第二章乃介紹米蘭•昆德拉的生平，並簡述其相關作品和小說理論；第三章則剖析《生命中不能承受之輕》故事中主題與人物關係；第四章歸結不同角色的個自存在編碼，逐漸探討昆德拉的寫作手法，進而分析米蘭•昆德拉《生命中不能承受之輕》該小說中具有後設小說理論之手法之例；第五章總結昆德拉《生命中不能承受之輕》中，可見後現代主義和後設小說理論的特點，此外，昆德拉運用複調小說形式，輕盈的筆調譜寫出一部關於生命存在的爵士樂。 This thesis is divided into five chapters. Chapter one explores the content and background of postmodernism and metafictional theory, and also compares their similarities and differences. Then chapter two is about the author, Milan Kundera, and introduces his other works and the art of his novel. In the third chapter, I try to analyze the themes and characters and their relationships in The Unbearable Lightness of Being. Chapter four decodes the different existential codes of all the major characters and this novel’s style so as to understand the relationship between style and theme.It’s also in this chapter that I try to sum up the special features of postmodernism and the metafictional techniques which have been employed by the author in writing this novel. In my opinion, Kundera has used the pattern of a polyphonic novel to compose his piece with a light tone of jazz music.
