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http://nhuir.nhu.edu.tw/handle/987654321/21526
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| 題名: | 美國生前契約研究初探 |
| 作者: | 劉信義
Liu, Xin-yi |
| 貢獻者: | 生死學研究所
尉遲淦
Kan YwiChi |
| 關鍵詞: | 生前契約;殯葬法;消費者保護;聯邦貿易委員會
FTC |
| 日期: | 2004 |
| 上傳時間: | 2015-06-16 14:23:58 (UTC+8) |
| 摘要: | 本研究旨在探討美國生前契約實施半世紀以來產生了哪些問題？在面對這些問題時，美國政府、殯葬業者、非營利組織團體及消費者本身是如何來面對與解決，進而省思美國生前契約在政府部門的管理機制、法規、實際運作及消費者保護等方面有哪些優點值得國內政府部門、殯葬業者及消費者學習與參考。 本研究採用質化研究，透過最先進的網際網路蒐集研究資料，採用次級資料研究法及文獻分析法來進行研究。研究結果顯示，美國民眾對主管政府部門：聯邦貿易委員會的功能不彰，迭有怨言，認為該委員會應可扮演更積極的角色；聯邦與各州政府之間分工可更清楚。法規方面，聯邦貿易委員會殯葬法（The Funeral Rule）應該更強勢；各州之間殯葬法規五花八門，令人目不暇給。在實際運作方面，生前契約是否可撤銷及轉移是一大問題。另外在消費者保護方面，存有基本理念之爭及聯邦與州政府應該扮演什麼角色的問題。 而美國生前契約值得國內學習參考的優點，政府部門方面，設有聯邦層級的獨立管制委員會、充分授權的各州政府及強而有力的監督國會；殯葬業者方面，以SCI的經營策略及未來發展趨勢為例，作為國內業者的借鏡；在消費者保護方面，美國政府採用彈性的消費者保護理論、保護手段採取多元設計、設置獨立行政管制委員會制度，不受外力干涉，加上消費者保護團體的蓬勃發展，促使消費者權益受到保障。 最後本論文總結前述內容，對國內政府部門、殯葬業者及消費者提出個人淺見與建議。也對本議題有興趣的後續研究者提出未來可研究的方向，希冀對國內殯葬改革略盡棉薄之力。
The purpose of this study is to present some issues existing in the interaction of the institutes of preneed in America, such as the administration, the death care industry, the none-for-profit organization, and even the consumers. In fact, the history of preneed in America has been over fifty years. During the period of time, those institutes have faced varied difficulties and have coped with important problems. Their solutions and explanation are precious and are worth referring to the authorities of preneed in Taiwan. Besides, in this study, we’ll recommend there working parts about preneed in America, They are the regulate mechanisms, the legislations, and the enforce regulations. We spend much time gathering the facts of its history, solutions and working systems and so on. Basically, we obtain the data and information we need for this study though internet. And then, we use the method of secondary research and the process of document analysis, as well. As a results, this study shows that first of all, in America, most people don’t think that the authorized instate of preneed, the Federal Trade Commission is efficient enough. They hope this institute can do more things for American people, secondly, they suggest that the Funeral Rule should be reinforced in some ways. For example, the rules preneed in each state are quite different from each other; therefore, it makes people confused and perplexed. Finally, they expect that the agreements of preneed can be revocable. Those findings help us realize most American people’s expectations for preneed from the working systems. In addition to the realization of people’s expectations, there are some valuable experiences in preneed, which we’ll discuss in this study. Firstly, in administration, they have Federal Regulate Mechanisms under the supervision of Congress. On the other hand, each state is fully authorized. Then, for the Death Care Industry, they operated with SCI. And finally for the consumers, they practice the flexible theory to protect them. The knowledge we gathered can be helpful for people in Taiwan. To sum up, in this study, we have tried hard to gather the knowledge of preneed in America, including its working systems, experiences and people’s expectations. We also make some suggestions at the end part of this study. It is our intention to share all of them with those who are interested in this subject. |
| 顯示於類別: | [生死學系(生死學系碩士班,哲學與生命教育碩士班)] 博碩士論文-生死學系碩士班
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