小琉球漁村老人生命意義感、死亡態度與幸福感之研究

南華大學機構典藏系統 > 人文學院 > 生死學系(生死學系碩士班,哲學與生命教育碩士班) > 博碩士論文-生死學系碩士班 > Item 987654321/21529

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题名:	小琉球漁村老人生命意義感、死亡態度與幸福感之研究
其它题名:	A Study on the Meaning of Life, the Attitude Toward death and the bjective Well-being Among Hsiao-Liu-Chiu Elders in Taiwan
作者:	蔡坤良 Tsai, Kui-Liang
貢獻者:	生死學研究所蔡明昌 Ming-Chang Tsai
关键词:	老人;死亡態度;生命意義;幸福感 Elder;Subjective Well-being;Attitude Toward death;Meaning of Life
日期:	2004
上传时间:	2015-06-16 14:24:02 (UTC+8)
摘要:	本研究旨在探討小琉球漁村老人生命意義感、死亡態度與幸福感之現況及其關係。研究的主要目的有四：一、瞭解小琉球漁村老人生命意義感、死亡態度及幸福感的現況。二、探討小琉球漁村老人之相關背景變項、生命意義感、死亡態度與幸福感之間的關係。三、探討小琉球漁村老人的生命意義感、死亡態度及幸福感之間的關係。四、依據研究結果提出具體建議，提供相關人員、單位及後續研究的參考。　　本研究採用文獻分析、問卷調查及個案訪談等三種研究方法。在文獻分析方面，以國內外有關老年人身心發展、生命意義、死亡態度及幸福感的文獻加以分析，以作為編擬研究工具、歸納相關理論及詮釋研究結果的基礎；在個案訪談方面，選取八位六十五歲以上的小琉球老人進行訪談，並以此訪談結果作為進一步編擬研究問卷及詮釋研究結果的基礎；在問卷調查方面，則以屏東縣琉球鄉六十五歲以上的老人為母群，以配額抽樣及滾雪球的方式選取有效樣本200人，所得資料採描述性統計、t考驗、變異數分析（ANOVA）、Scheffe多重比較檢定、典型相關等統計方法進行分析。本研究所獲致的結果如下：１.在小琉球漁村老年人的生命意義感方面：(1) 小琉球漁村老人之生命意義感普遍頗佳、以「自我統整」為主。(2) 退出職場及體力漸漸衰退的結果，會影響小琉球漁村老人生命意義感。(3) 小琉球漁村老人之生命意義感會因其背景變項的不同而有差異。２. 在小琉球漁村老年人的死亡態度方面：(1) 小琉球漁村老人之死亡態度以「死亡情感」為主呈現對瀕死及遺體處理恐懼等面向。(2) 傳統的死亡觀，會影響小琉球漁村老人之死亡態度。(3) 小琉球漁村老人之死亡態度會因其背景變項的不同而有差異，並呈現複雜與變動的特性。３. 在小琉球漁村老年人的幸福感方面：(1) 小琉球漁村老人之幸福感普遍頗佳、以「家庭圓滿」為主。(2) 小琉球老人幸福感的來源除了包含對自我努力的肯定外，更離不開適當自主性、影響力及社會支持等因素。(3) 小琉球漁村老人之幸福感會因其背景變項的不同而有差異。４. 在小琉球漁村老年人的生命意義感、死亡態度與幸福感之間的關係：(1) 小琉球漁村老人之生命意義感各層面（自我評價、自我統整、自我實現）與死亡態度各層面（死亡反應、死亡情感、死亡認知）有顯著典型相關，死亡態度對生命意義感的解釋力較高。(2) 小琉球漁村老人之生命意義感各層面（自我評價、自我統整、自我實現）與幸福感各層面（生活滿意、基本需求滿足與比較、家庭圓滿、適當的力量）有顯著典型相關，生命意義感對幸福感有較大的影響力。(3) 小琉球漁村老人之幸福感各層面（生活滿意、基本需求滿足與比較、家庭圓滿、適當的力量）與死亡態度層面（死亡反應、死亡情感、死亡認知）有顯著典型相關，幸福感對死亡態度有較大的影響力。５. 小琉球漁村老年人的社會支持與生命意義感、死亡態度及幸福感有顯著的典型相關，社會支持對老年人的生命意義感、死亡態度及幸福感會有一定程度的影響。本研究並依據文獻探討及實證研究結果，提出建議，供相關人員、行政機關及未來相關研究之參考。　　The purpose of this study is to discuss the actual condition of the meaning of life, attitude toward death and the subjective well-being, and to analyze the relationship among these three variables. According to the conclusion of the research, specific suggestions could be made and provided to related administration and service for reference and further study. This study adopts three methods, including questionnaire survey, the literature review analysis, and depth interview, taking the elders in Hsiao-Liu-Chiu of Taiwan as parent population, using quota and snowball sampling..The effective samples are 200 questionnaires. The research uses the tool, “questionnaire of the meaning of life, attitude toward death, and the subjective well-being.”And the collected data is processed with the software package SPSS 8.0 for windows. Descriptive statistics, T-test, one-way ANOVA, Canonical correlation are also used. Findings from the a- nalysis are summarized as follows： 1. In the aspect of the meaning in life.(1) The meaning of life of the elders in Hsiao- Liu-Chiu is positive.(2) The meaning of life of the elders in Hsiao-Liu-Chiu can be affected by retirement and a decline in heath.(3) There makes a significant difference of meaning of life in the variables of personal background. 2.In the aspect of attitude toward death.(1) The attitude of death of the elders in Hsiao-Liu-Chiu expresses (appears to be) fear to the dying and the remained.(2) The attitude of death of the elders in Hsiao-Liu-Chiu can be affected by the traditional concept of death.(3) There makes a significant difference of death of the elders in Hsiao-Liu-Chiu in the variables of personal background which express (appear to be) the characters of flux and complicacy. 3. In the aspect of subjective well-being.(1) The subjective well-being of the elders in Hsiao-Liu-Chiu is high.(2) The source of the subjective well-being of the elders in Hsiao-Liu-Chiu included self-effort, effectual freedom, power and social support.(3) There makes a significant difference of subjective well-being in the variables of personal background . 4.The relationship of the sense of subjective well-being, the attitude toward death and the sense of meaning of life in Hsiao-Liu-Chiu of Taiwan.(1) There exists a Canonical correlation between the meaning of life and attitude toward death. The later has more interpreting power than the meaning in life.(2) There exists a Canonical correlation between the meaning of life and the subjective well-being. The meaning of life has more influential power than the subjective well-being.(3) There exists a Canonical correlation between the subjective well-being and the attitude toward death . The subjective well-being has more influential power than the attitude toward death. 5.There exists a Canonical correlation among the meaning of life, the attitude toward death, the subjective well-being and social support.Social support shows certain degree of influence.
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