近年來台灣地區受到高齡化的影響衍生出許多問題，使得中高齡人口的相關探討日益受到重視。本研究旨在了解台灣中高齡者的勞動參與和分析其勞動供給行為。在實證分析上本文是利用Heckman的二階段分析法，調整樣本選擇性偏誤（selection bias）的問題。本文資料是採用行政院主計處於民國八十九所作編製的「台灣地區人力運用調查報告」，從其中篩選出中高齡者的樣本來進行分析。 實證結果顯示，男性居住於城市者、較具專業性、工作場所規模較大的工作者，其勞動供給時數較長；而本身的工資對其勞動供給的影響是負向而顯著的。至於女性樣本方面，結果顯示工作較具專業性者，其工作時數較長；而擔任公職的婦女，工作時數則較受雇於私人企業者少；中高齡婦女本身工資率估計值對其工時則有顯著的負向影響。估算出我國中高齡的男性及女性的自我薪資彈性分別為-0.152及-0.08，此結果顯示我國中高齡者不論男性或女性，其勞動供給曲線均已步入後彎的階段。 Many problems have been generated these years by high age in Taiwan, and this situation caused middle-age population to be more important. The purpose of this study is to analyze the labor force participation and labor supply behavior among middle age in Taiwan. In the empirical analysis, this study use Heckman’s two-stage method to adjust the sample selection bias. The data is original from “Manpower Utilization Survey of Taiwan” and select middle-age sample to analyze. The empirical results show that male who lived in city, more professional, and workers have bigger scale of workplace have longer labor supply; the influence of the wage to labor supply is negative and significant. In female sample, the result shows that more professional working can have longer time; however, the female who work in public official have less working time than private company. The estimation of wage rate in middle-age female has negative significance to the working time. The male and female’s self-wage elasticity were –0.152 and –0.08. The result of this analysis shows that the labor supply curve in Taiwan’s middle-age male and female have been backward-bending stage.
