隨著社會的不斷進步，為了解決各種社會問題的而發展出來的社會福利制度成了各先進國家的重要社會政策。瑞典的社會福利制度是目前堪稱世界上最完善的，從第一次世界大戰前開始，以當時德國的制度為樣本，實施了一連串的福利措施。在不斷的修正與改革下，瑞典政府堅持其福利國家的主要精神與目標，演變成眾人所稱道的「瑞典模式」。然而，在瑞典實行的社會福利政策，必須支出龐大的社會福利津貼，這導致了一些經濟發展的問題。在面對人口高齡化、失業問題加劇、社會福利公共支出造成國家財政負擔的內在問題以及國際環境轉變、加入歐盟等外在的種種挑戰，瑞典政府在1980年代及1990年代，甚至到近年來都不斷地推行各項改革政策，以因應社會多元化下人民新的社會需求。本文從瑞典的社會福利制度之演進角度來探討瑞典政府如何因應各種內外在因素所造成的經濟與社會問題，並評估其社會福利政策的運作成效與未來發展。 The society has continually developed, in order to solve the subsequent social problems, the Social Welfare System appeared and then became the most important social policy of developed countries. Sweden’s social welfare system is the most developed one in the world, and it formed a wonderful 「Swedish Model」. However, the Swedish welfare policy due to the huge public expenditure, it leaded to some economic problems. In 1980’s and 1990’s, the Sweden government has to face to the changes from the aging of the population, from the high unemployment rates, from the growing public expenditure and the changes in the international economic environment. In recent years, there are a lot of changes in Swedish welfare system to adapt the new demand of people. In this research, the social and economic problems in Sweden would be introduced and deeply analyzed from the aspect of the process of Sweden's social Welfare system. And then to appraise the achievement of Sweden’s welfare policy and its development of future.
