《楞嚴經》解脫道之研究

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Title:	《楞嚴經》解脫道之研究
Other Titles:	A Study of The Way of Liberation in The Surangama Sutra
Authors:	李英德(釋慧心) Lee, Ying-te
Contributors:	宗教學研究所呂凱文 Kai-wen Lu
Keywords:	解脫;真心;五十陰魔;耳根圓通;楞嚴 Surangama;true (bhūtatathatā) mind;and the universality (omnipotence) of the śrotrendriya;the fifty different outer path/practices that one can stray into;liberation
Date:	2005
Issue Date:	2015-07-06 15:28:54 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	本文題目為「《楞嚴經》解脫道之研究」，重心圍繞在《楞嚴經》的解脫思想與方法上，期以循序漸進的方式，呈顯此經解脫法門的階次性，釐清《楞嚴經》解脫道的前行與正修之內容、方法。復將研究成果與幾部具有代表性的佛典：《阿含經》、《華嚴經》、《法華經》、淨土經典，以及影響中國佛教至深的禪宗要典－《六祖壇經》進行對比，以明此經在佛教教義中的特色與價值。　　　本論文共分為六章，第一章陳述研究《楞嚴經》解脫道的動機與目的、研究方法、學術研究現況與文獻探討、論文結構之說明。第二章分析「解脫」的字義，並探究《阿含經》、《華嚴經》、《法華經》、《六祖壇經》、淨土諸經（及其它經典）的修行解脫法門。第三章至第五章以分析《楞嚴經》的解脫道為主。第三章探討《楞嚴經》的基礎思惟，包含對真妄心的剖析，與五十陰魔境的作用與內容。第四章論述《楞嚴經》解脫道的道前基礎，分別為：去五辛、持戒、建立修行之環境、持咒，屬於經中所指－正修耳根圓通法門之前的助道之法。在此並究明五辛的過患，與其它經典的記載，以及不同名稱。持戒部份，詳明修行上不持戒所產生的障礙，以經中殺盜淫妄的四個方向為主，指出不持戒所產生的果報。續對壇場環境的擺設、方法、程序作說明。《楞嚴經》認為持咒可以幫助修行者排除修行上的障礙，本文針對此經認為持咒的益處，及佛教對咒語的態度作出說明與探討。第五章探討《楞嚴經》解脫道的究竟修行之法－「耳根圓通法門」，先深究此經為何以耳根為入手處的原因，次則探討二十五圓通法門的內容，最後論及此經的耳根圓通之法。第六章對前面幾章作出整體回顧，繼而比較此經與其它經典的內容，以進一步了解《楞嚴經》的特色、目的。並對《楞嚴經》未來的研究發展提出一些建議。　　The title of this paper is A Study of the Way of Liberation of the Wurangama Sutra (or Leng Yen Jing). The topic revolves around the thinking and the methods of the Wurangama. Gradually following the different stages, the researcher reveals the Dharmaparyaya, or the doctrines of liberation; and explains the proceedings, the actions, the content, and the methods for the way of liberation of the Wurangama. In order to understand the features of this sutra in Buddhism teachings, the researcher studied further the results, some quintessential discourses (sutra) of Buddha—The Four Sections of the Agamas Sutra, the Avatamsaka-Sutra (or the Hua-Yen Jing), the Saddharma-Pundarika-Sutra, and the Sukhavati (The Pure Land)—the comparison between The Ch’an, significant in Chinese Buddhism, and the Sutra of the Six Patriarchs of the Intuitional (or of the Meditation Sect).　　　This paper is divided into six chapters. The first chapter explains the rationale, goals, research method, recent academic studies, in-depth discussion of relevant literature, and the organization of this research. In the second chapter, the researcher analyzes the meaning of “liberation” and probes into the cultivation of the ways of liberation for The Four Sections of the Agamas Sutra, the Avatamsaka-Sutra, the Saddharma-Pundarika-Sutra, the Sukhavati, and other various discourses of Buddha.　　　From the third through the fifth chapters, the researcher focuses the doctrine of liberation of the Wurangama Sutra. The third chapter investigates the basic principles and concepts of the Wurangama Sutra; including the analysis of the true (bhūtatathatā) and false (amalavijñāna) minds, and the content and function of fifty different other path/practices one can stray into. The fourth chapter discusses the basics before the practice of the way of liberation of the Wurangama Sutra; they are divided into the five forbidden pungent roots, keeping the commandments (or rules), establishing the environment for cultivation of the religion, maintaining the mantra, and the auxiliary means for before practicing the universality (omnipotence) doctrines of the śrotrendriya. Here we investigate the errors of the five forbidden pungent roots, their recordings in discourses, and other names for them. As for the maintaining of the commandments, the researcher explains the obstacles resulting from the failure of commitment; mainly using the four directions mentioned in this discourse—killing, robbing, fornicating, and lying—the researcher explains the retribution. An explanation for the decoration, methods, and procedures of the monastery follows.　　　The Wurangama Sutra holds that keeping the commandments can help those who practice eliminate obstacles during the course of cultivation. Here we focus on the good we receive from maintaining the mantra, discuss and explain Buddhists’ attitudes toward the mantra. The fifth chapter takes us into the method for the way of liberation for the Wurangama Sutra, the universality (omnipotence) doctrines of the śrotrendriya. We explore its whys and wherefores and the twenty-five different perfect penetration samadhis to reach through enlightment. In the sixth and final chapter, we make retrospections of this research, make comparisons among this discourse and others; in order to further understand the aspects and goals of the Wurangama Sutra. In the end, the researcher provides some suggestions for future studies and developments of the Wurangama Sutra.
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