嘉義縣幅圓遼闊交通不便、社會資源分配不均，遍遠地區不易維持常態性的福利服務。由地方基層組織來推動福利服務，不僅可以為地方量身打造最需要的福利服務，而且也可以避免福利依賴與道德危機。 本研究以社會融合的觀點，以次級資料分析法，探討鄉鎮內的人力資本與家戶運用社會資源的能力、社會資本與鄉鎮促進社會融合的能力，以及自殺、離婚與犯罪造成社會崩壞的程度三者之間的關係，據以釐清嘉義縣十八鄉鎮福利服務的需求程度。綜合評估前述三個向度，大埔鄉最需要福利服務，其次是阿里山鄉、番路鄉和溪口鄉。 福利社區化明確賦予社會福利機構發揮直接服務及社會教育兩種功能。本研究以半結構開放式問卷調查法蒐集嘉義家扶中心、嘉義縣生命縣協會、嘉義縣志願服務協會以及東森慈善基金會對提昇福利服務輸送效能的看法。歸納受訪者的意見，方案應以長期而且普遍性的社會調查作基礎、「五緣」是整合社會資源的方法，以及以離婚率、自殺率、和犯罪率作為客觀的績效指標是社會福利機構應推廣的社會教育理念。 老年人以及女性是許多家庭內重要的人力資本，本研究建議以社會融合的觀點正視家庭內人口結構的正向功能、社會福利機構能夠化解派系對立，聚合鄉鎮內各種組織與關係與需要、審慎研判社會問題及規劃福利服務方案，才能有效落實福利服務社區化的目標。 Chiayi County has enormous territory but with scarce social resources. There are two reasons for choosing the local organization to delivery social welfare services. One is fitness, another is avoiding welfare dependence and hazards. The secondary data used here were provided by Chiayi County Government. With social integration approach, the study evaluated the welfare needs degree of 18 villages by combined analyzing the relationships among human capital, social capital, and social collapsed rates. Dapu Village was the shortest area of social welfare, Ali Mountain Village, Fanlu Village and Sico Village were the next three. Directly service and social education were two functions of social welfare organizations which pointed by community social welfare service. The study surveyed CCF, Lifeline Association, Volunteer Association, and ET Charity Foundation by semi-structurally opened questionnaire. Induced their opinions, social welfare organizations should promote three concepts in social education. The first was the programs should be based on longitudinal survey. The second was the social resources should be interchanged and integrated in ‘five relations’. The third was divorce rate, suicide rate, and crime rate should be the object performance indicators of social welfare. The elder and the woman are two most important human capitals in a family. I suggested that firstly we must value the family’s positive function. Secondly social welfare organizations should play the fusion role of politics to make social networks which includes all organizations. Thirdly the correctly and punctually survey was the basic foundation of social welfare program design to target social problems exactly.
