| 摘要: | 二十一世紀是一個社會急遽變遷、價值觀多元化、產業結構迅速改變的知識經濟時代。大學教育一向扮演主導國家發展，提昇競爭力的主要角色，近年來已逐漸出現鬆動，隨著WTO開放及其他各種問題等，正衝擊著國內高等教育。為此，教育部於大學教育政策白皮書中指出，追求卓越及提升知識競爭力，仍為大學發展重點。在面對國際競爭壓力下，大學宜慎選重點發展方向，營造各校特色，不斷追求卓越，才能生存，也才能協助國家競爭力的提升。 國內大學校院的數量已趨飽和，大學教育已然供過於求，高等教育主管機關未來勢必採取市場開放政策，不再為私立大學辦學的品質負責。且將透過教育市場的自由競爭，建立淘汰機制，故私立大學的營運必然面臨更多的挑戰。私立大學為非營利組織之財團法人，在接受政府補助經費「粥少僧多」之情況，又逢少子化的社會，招生困難加上學雜費等並不能完全自主之前提下，面臨競爭發展與存亡絕續關頭。因此，擔負培育國內絕大數高等教育人才的私立大學校院，亟需思考資源整合，尋求進一步與政府、企業、各種文教團體以及私立大學之間作策略聯盟的資源整合及合作機制，以創造多贏的局面。 「強國無倖至」，國家之強盛與否，繫於一國之高等菁英教育之成敗。私立大學承擔教育責任，並不亞於公立大學。政府應強化私立大學的競爭優勢，不宜再做量的過度擴充，致力於各校資源的整合，尋求質的提升。本研究旨在探討私立大學的背景、營運現況與發展，研究可行之合作機制，使大學之資源作有利之整合，發揮資源之最大功效，提升教學及研究品質，強化大學之國際競爭力。
The 21st century is an era of knowledge-based economics with abrupt social transitions, pluralistic values, and rapid changes in industrial structure. University education always plays a major role in leading national development and promoting competitiveness. In recent years the situation has been changed. The opening of markets in accordance with the WTO and other types of issues are impacting domestic higher education. Hence, the Ministry of Education’s White Paper on university education policy indicates that pursuing excellence and promoting knowledge competition are still the priorities of university development. Under pressure from international competition, universities should carefully select their key development directions, in order to survive and also help promote national competitiveness. The number of domestic universities has already reached saturation, with the supply of university education surpassing demand. In the future, the authorities of higher education administration must adopt market liberalization policies, and will no longer be responsible for the operational quality of private colleges. Therefore, through the mechanism of free market competition, this will establish an attrition mechanism, so private college operations will face more challenges.The trustees of private colleges, in a situation wherein there are more seekers for dwindling government funds, also are encountering a society of fewer children, and under the premise that the difficulty of enrolling new students plus the resulting tuition and miscellaneous fees not being enough to grant them total autonomy, they face the development of competition and a key life-or-death moment. Because of this, private colleges, which are responsible for cultivating the majority of college graduates, urgently need to consider resource integration, and to further seek cooperative mechanisms and resource integration through strategic alliances between government, industry, various educational groups and private colleges, in order to establish a “win-win” situation. “A strong country cannot depend on luck”: whether a country will be strong or not depends on the success of its elite higher education. Private colleges accept the responsibility of higher education no less than do public universities. The government should strengthen the competitive advantages of private colleges, not by expanding the number of private colleges, but by putting forth effort to integrate resources, and seeking to promote quality. This purpose of this research is to discuss the background, current operational situation, and the development of private colleges, and to study a possible cooperative mechanism to integrate resources between colleges, and to maximize resource effectiveness, promote the quality of teaching and research, and strengthen the college’s international competitiveness. |
