| 摘要: | 圖書出版產業一直處於變動的環境中，傳統出版形式不再是主要的選項。由於科技的進步，網際網路的盛行，新一代消費者「兒童」生長於充斥數位產品的環境，對於圖書數位產品，深受兒童喜愛。許多童書業者紛紛進行圖書數位化及網路服務。數位出版往往是由內容開發者或提供者與資訊科技業者合作，也就是內容擁有者透過外包，進行童書數位化製作。本文討論童書數位出版外包製作的類型暨其考量因素。想探究的是：童書業者採行外包以完成數位出版的過程中，業者在各方面的考量因素為何？以組織與承包廠商之間互動合作關係為基準，數位出版所建立的外包類型為何？其實質內容與意義為何？組織外包的考量因素，對於採行外包類型的影響為何？其相對作用大小為何？ 本研究採取多重個案研究設計，以童書業者進行書數位化外包製作的多個個案為對象，從多種管道取得與研究問題相關的資料，進行個案多重比較。然後，從多個個案中，分析童書業者採行外包的類型以及考量因素的綜合分析。 本研究歸結三種外包類型，包括單純交易型、關係發展型以及具策略目的型，並得到下列幾項結論： 1. 組織進行外包以獲取所需資源，隨著對於外包事業活動的重視，追求外包目標的達成，造成對於外部資源的需求越強烈，而且，面臨特殊資源需求的情況下，會倚賴承包廠商，造成組織與承包廠商之間關係內涵的不同，外包呈現不同的類型。 2. 當組織進行的外包項目具有專案的性質，隨著專案性質的不同，投資成本無法移轉至其他外包項目，而且，外包契約的簽訂，無法達到周全的管理，組織適時予以監督，隨著監督成本耗費的多寡，組織與承包廠商之間關係內涵的不同，外包呈現不同的類型。 3. 在外包合作的過程中，承包廠商獲得組織的信任，隨著信任水準的高低，獲得不同的正向性回饋，而且，隨著內在感性情誼的加深，組織與承包廠商之間關係內涵的不同，外包呈現不同的類型。
Publishing industry is always in dynamic environment, and the traditional publishing is not the main stream anymore. Due to the technology developing and hi-new tech internet, new consumers, children, live in the digital environment and favor the digital publications, therefore, the children publishers are going to develop the digital publishing and internet services. Children publishers have to integrate with computer and internet industry to develop the children digital publishing with outsourcing strategy. The study debates on what are the outsourcing determinant factors, which considered by publishing organizations who attempt to enter new business field of children digital publishing, and outsourcing types? What are the contents and meanings of each outsourcing type? How could outsourcing determinant factors differentiate outsourcing types? The study founds on multiple-case study, outsourcing cases, as design, as well as based on triangulation concept to collect and compare materials, and to analyze for outsourcing determinant factors and types. According to children publishers' outsourcing objectives and the relationships between seller and buyer, the study offers three outsourcing types, the transaction type, relation developing type and strategy leading type, and make conclusions as the following. (1) For organization resources, the more necessary resource and resource dependence affection, the closer outsourcing relationship makes different outsourcing type. (2) For transaction cost, the more specific assets and uncertainty affection, the closer outsourcing relationship makes different outsourcing type. (3) For social exchange, the more trust level and ＂guanxi＂ affection, the closer outsourcing relationship makes different outsourcing type. |
