澳門回歸後之政治經濟發展：一國兩制的衝擊

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Title:	澳門回歸後之政治經濟發展：一國兩制的衝擊
Other Titles:	The Influence of Exercising ＂One Country, Two Systems＂ On Political And Economical Development of Macao After 20th December 1999
Authors:	劉新元 Liu, Hsin-yuan
Contributors:	亞太研究所宋鎮照 Jenn-Jaw Soong
Keywords:	一國兩制;澳門;博彩;觀光;基本法 One Country Two Systems;Gambling;Macao;Sightseeing;Basic Law
Date:	2006
Issue Date:	2015-08-04 10:31:31 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	近年來，關於中國、香港及台灣兩岸三地之政治變遷與經貿發展的研究非常多，但對於人口46萬餘人，土地面積僅27.5平方公里的澳門政經發展，相關研究並不多。因此，本文擬從中華人民共和國1999年12月20日對澳門恢復行使主權，根據《中華人民共和國憲法》第31條的規定，設立澳門特別行政區，並按照「一個國家，兩種制度」的方針，保持原有的資本主義制度和生活方式，五十年不變，研究「一國兩制」對澳門經濟發展的影響。本文旨在探討澳門政治與經濟發展的立基，及實踐「一國兩制」所遭遇的挑戰與矛盾，並提出思考澳門應如何突破當前的政治與經濟困境，尋找出澳門未來的發展方向。　　　本文從葡萄牙殖民時期的澳門政府體制談起，輔以討論自由貿易港的轉運經濟型態及以博彩、觀光等服務業及紡織業等輕工業為主的產業特色之歷史背景，並探討「一國兩制」的理論發展與「澳門基本法」的產生過程，以及澳門回歸之後「一國兩制」基本法架構下的政治體制與所面臨的「三化」問題，及國際經貿環境變遷中澳門與中國大陸經貿關係，同時探討與珠江三角洲之發展。再者，本文也探討受「一國兩制」制約的澳門經濟發展，日益依賴中國大陸，終將降低澳門政府自主性而難以抗拒中國政治干預。　　　本文在結論中探討澳門如何能夠突破「一國兩制」基本法的形式限制，提升澳門民主化的進程，更加確保澳門政經的自主性，以追求最大彈性的澳門政治自主。並在此基礎上發展經濟，改善治安等社會問題，及澳門未來政經永續發展的方向與契機，這些政策方向（澳門經驗），或許可以做為當前執政者未來施政方針的參考。　　In recent years, there are many studies on political change and economic/trade development among China, Hong Kong and Taiwan. But as regard to Macao, whose population is about 460 thousand more and whose area is only 27.5 square kilometers, only few related studies have been made. Since December 20th, 1999, PRC has resumed it’s sovereignty over Macao and on basis of PRC’s Constitution of Article 31, the Special Administrative Region of Macao was established. Furthermore, according to the principle of “one country, two systems”, the previous capitalist system and way of life shall remain unchanged for 50 years. From above, this thesis attempts to study the influence of “one country, two systems” on Macao’s economical development. To sum up, the thesis tries to research Macao’s foundation of political and economic/trade development in the first place. Next, what challenge and antinomy it will find after exercising the regime of “one country, two systems”. And then proposes some ways for Macao to break through the difficult position on current politics and economy to seek it’s future development direction.　　　The thesis begins with the Macao government system during the period of Portugal colony, and then discusses both the transfer economical pattern of free trading port and the historical background of light industries such as: gambling, sightseeing and textile. Meanwhile, it is important to research the theory of “one country, two systems” and the process which Macao’s Basic Law was produced. Furthermore, the study is also involved to the problems of “the three transformations” Macao might confront after Macao’s regression to China under the structure of the Basic Law “one country, two systems” and the economic/trade relationship between Macao and China under the changing of the international economic and trade environment, and the development between Macao and Chu Chiang Delta. Next, the thesis also presumes that Macao may lose autonomy and confront China’s political interference because of its depending on China day by day and its economical development being restricted under “one country, two systems”.　　　Lastly, the thesis wants to discuss how can Macao break through the restrictions of the Basic Law “one country, two systems” to promote the process of democratization, to ensure the autonomy of Macao’s politics and economy, and to pursue enormous resilience of Macao’s political autonomy. On such foundations, Macao may develop its economy, improve some social problems like social security, and regard them as the direction and opportunity to Macao’s political and economic long-term development in the future. I sincerely hope that these policies (the experience of Macao) might become the reference for our government officials.
Appears in Collections:	[Department of International and China Studies, The M.A. Program of Asia-Pacific Studies and Public Policy Studies] Disserations and Theses(M.A. Program in Asia-Pacific Studies)

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