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| 題名: | 新加坡的次區域發展策略─以印馬新成長三角為例 |
| 其他題名: | Singapore's Subregional Development Strategy: The IMS-GT |
| 作者: | 謝佳呈
Hsieh, Chia-chen |
| 貢獻者: | 亞太研究所
孫國祥
Kuo-shyang Sun |
| 關鍵詞: | 印馬新成長三角;次區域合作發展;新加坡次區域發展策略
Singapore's Subregional Development Strategy;Subregional Cooperation;Indonesia-Malaysia-Singapore Growth Triangle |
| 日期: | 2006 |
| 上傳時間: | 2015-08-04 10:31:34 (UTC+8) |
| 摘要: | 全球化的風潮一起，使得經濟全球化的概念漸傳漸廣。正值全球化方興未艾之際，區域整合也悄悄燃起，而歐盟的成立正是為人們所注目的一個例子。在經濟全球化及區域經濟並駕齊驅的同時；基於經濟及政治安全的雙重因素而言，次區域發展亦是政經發展中所不能忽視的策略方案。綜看亞洲的經濟發展歷程中，尤其是東亞地區，因為各國的經濟發展程度以及政治體制的落差，導致亞洲至今尚未正式產生與歐盟一樣的功能及規模之區域組織。因此，在亞洲各國仍在為區域整合盡心盡力的同時，次區域合作的形成視為亞洲各經濟體發展中所不可或缺的模式之一。 成長三角是一個相當獨特的亞洲國家經貿發展模式，成長三角此一概念是由新加坡前總理吳作棟於1989年提出的，而且這是一種次區域合作，這種次區域合作與區域合作的明顯不同之處在於：它是只由三至四個國家所組成的經貿投資圈並且它不需要如區域合作組織般的繁複及費時之合作過程。由馬來西亞的柔佛州、印尼的廖內省與新加坡所共組的印馬新成長三角是亞洲的第一個正式且運作良好的成長三角。而印馬新成長三角主要有四個特色，分別是：經濟互補、地理相鄰、政策調和以及基礎建設發展良好。基於成長三角是為一次區域合作以及其四特點，本文主要由雁行理論來闡釋新加坡運用三方彼此的要素稟賦來進行合作以達規模經濟之效並且帶動整個次區域的繁榮；而透過新功能主義的角度來觀察成長三角的三國由最初的經濟利益事務進而增加彼此在政治事務上的合作而所產生的擴益效應。當初新加坡提議共組印馬新成長三角，自然是基於經濟全球化及區域化下的本身利益以及因應亞洲的政經局勢發展而做出的考量；馬來西亞則著眼於南北發展均衡以及在東南亞的政經角色，而印尼就希望藉由工業區的成立而繁榮當地經濟。除此之外，成長三角的形成將有利於參與國之間的人力流通、貿易增加、投資吸引以及觀光發展；藉由印馬新成長三角的人力、貿易、投資及觀光的成長可窺知馬來西亞、印尼及新加坡的經濟發展在面對歐盟及北美自由貿易區這兩大貿易集團的龐大經濟浪潮下如何維持本身的經濟永續發展。 新加坡是處於包含多元文化以及複雜政經環境的東南亞地區，因此新加坡勢必與鄰近國家互利共榮，方可保有國家發展的利基。以印馬新成長三角為發展基礎之新加坡的次區域發展策略，本文試圖描繪出新加坡次區域發展策略之外，也檢證印馬新成長三角之於新加坡次區域發展策略的角色、定位與影響。
“Globalization” spreads out the concept of global economy everywhere. The outstanding regional integration such as European Union (EU) takes off whilst the globalization wave over the world. Given the economics-security nexus, subregional development strategy cannot be ignored within the co-existence of economic globalization and economic regionalization. The great economic and political gaps between the countries in the East-Asia region cause the absence of a formal and organized regional organization with well functions and scale such as EU in Europe. The subregional economic cooperation pattern is essential to the Asian economies development before a well organization formed within Asia. The growth triangle is a unique Asian economy development pattern. The concept of ‘Growth Triangle” is initiated by the then prime minister, Goh Chok Tong, in 1989. The differences of subregional economic cooperation from regional economic cooperation are the following. Firstly, it is an investment and trade zone formed by several countries. Secondly, it does not need the complicated and time-consuming process. The Indonesia-Malaysia-Singapore Growth Triangle (IMS-GT) participated by the state of Johor of Malaysia, the Riau province of Indonesia and Singapore is the first and well-functioned growth triangle in Asia. Besides, the four characteristics derives from the growth triangle are economic complementarity, geographical proximity, policy coordination and infrastructure development. Based the above characteristics, this paper tries to adopt the flying geese model to explain that Singapore utilities the factor endowment of each one to achieve the economics of scale in order to prospect the whole subregion and to take the neo-functionalism view to assess the spill-over effect generated from the cooperation between the three parties from economic affairs to political affairs. Initially, the reasons of Singapore to proposed the formation of growth triangle is for its benefit confronting the situation of economic globalization and economic regionalization and the responses to the Asian political-economic development. The reason of Malaysia to participate the growth triangle is for equality of north and south development and the role in the Southeast-Asia, while Indonesia want to flourish the economy through the establishment of industrial estate. In addition, the birth of IMS-GT benefits the development of human resource flow, tourism, trade and investment between the three participants. Throughout the review of the above development within the IMS-GT shows how Malaysia, Indonesia and Singapore that face the EU and North America Free Trade Area (NAFTA) still pursure the sustaibable economic development. Singapore locates in the Southeast-Asia region, where contains multi-culture and multi-political-economic environment needs to cooperate with neighboring countries to profit from each other and to keep the national development niche. Singapore’s subregional development strategy based on IMS-GT, this article seeks to not only depict Singapore’s subregional development strategy, but also explore the role that IMS-GT plays, the position that IMS-GT taken and the effect that IMS-GT have towards Singapore’s subregional development strategy. |
| 顯示於類別: | [國際事務與企業學系(亞太研究碩士班,公共政策研究碩士班,歐洲研究碩士班)] 博碩士論文-亞太研究碩士班
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