勞工團體影響國營事業自由化、民營化過程之研究─以中華電信工會為例

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Title:	勞工團體影響國營事業自由化、民營化過程之研究─以中華電信工會為例
Other Titles:	The Influence of Labor Unions on Liberalization and Privatization of SOEs: a case study of ChungHwa Telecom
Authors:	廖修澤 Liao, Hsiu-tse
Contributors:	非營利事業管理研究所傅篤誠 Duu-Cheng Fuh
Keywords:	民營化;普及服務;工會;非營利組織 Non-profit organization;labor union;privatization;universal service
Date:	2006
Issue Date:	2015-08-04 11:04:40 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	公營事業在我國經濟發展過程中，曾經完成政策性的階段任務，近年來由於經濟的自由化與全球化潮流所趨，公營事業民營化已成為世界的潮流，也是政府的既定政策。然而經驗顯示，民營化政策之推行，並非一件容易的事情，主要原因之一是員工權益未能作妥善的保障與補償，或因溝通不良認知不足讓員工感覺權益受損，進而引起員工抗爭與反彈，導致民營化進度延宕。工會係爭取勞工合理生存與權益的社團法人，最重要的是如何確實保障勞工權益。因此，本文以非營利組織的角度，透過研究探討中華電信工會在自由化、民營化過程中，是否發揮了倡議型、福利型態的非營利組織所應有的使命感，同時找出各利益團體在爭相逐利的情況下，是否能找出資方與勞方及消費者三贏的民營化方式，甚至政府四贏的可能，以供將來決策者參考。　　　電信事業擁有更濃厚的公共服務性質，民營化的成敗對社會公眾之福利影響甚大，電信自由化使得『交叉補貼』無法存在，再加上『不對稱管制』及『吸脂效應』，三者交互影響之下，將會造成偏遠地區或低需求密度的電信服務無法維持，進而使得電信普及服務的政策目標無法達成，所造成數位落差的結果，將會影響到弱勢族群。　　　本文採「質的研究」方法與文獻分析法，將蒐集相關文獻及次級資料分析，以及深度訪談若干管理者、工會幹部與會員等方式，來蒐集相關資訊。經蒐集相關資料分析，發現民營化遭遇的困難與問題如下列：（一）民營化造成「財團化」，財團不當取得經營權、（二）民營化只是「假民營，真公營」，政府仍是事業最大股東，經營階層仍由政府主導、（三）政治因素的干擾、（四）員工權益缺乏系統性保障，引起員工及工會的反對。　　　在民營化過程中，工會積極的與事業單位談判、協商，甚至不惜的發動抗爭、罷工，其採取的行動策略如下列：（一）罷工、（二）勞工教育、（三）利用電腦中介傳播、（四）工會的串聯、（五）工會的國際化、（六）產業民主、（七）國會遊說。　　State-owned businesses have completed policy-oriented missions at the different stages in our country’s economic development. Driven by the trend of free market economy and globalization, the privatization of state-owned businesses has not only become a world tendency, but also an established government policy. However, past experiences indicated that it is not an easy task to carry out the policy of privatization.one of the major reasons was the lack of reassurance and compensation for the employee loss, or the fact that the employee were likely to feel deprived from insufficient recognition and ineffective communication between the employer and the employees. Such course of events was inclined to provoke the opposition and hostility from the employees’ side, resulting in the delay of the privatization progress.　　　　This research adopted a “qualitative method” with exploring and examining related documents and secondary data and interviewing several managers, labor union executives and members. Through the analysis of the collected information, the researchers found that following difficulties and problems occurred in the process of privatization: 1. Privatization caused “inappropriate influence from consortium,” as corporations may obtain the management through inappropriate or even illegal methods. 2. Privatization could be a camouflage of indirect influence and operation from the government. The government remains to be the biggest share holder of the business, and still directs the management of the company. 3. The interference created by political factors is another problem. 4. The lack of a systematic reassurance of the employees’ rights caused opposition from the employees and the labor union. 　　　In the process of privatization, the labor union aggressively initiated negotiation with the business unit; what’s more was that they even went on strike and made a stand against privatization. All in all, the union adopted the following strategies: 1. Carrying out strikes, 2. Implementing employee education, 3.broadcasting information using computers as the media, 4.Establishing ties within the union, 5.Internationalizing the labor union, 6.Liberalizing the industry, 7.Lobbying the congress.
Appears in Collections:	[Department of Business Administration, Master/Ph.D Program in Management Sciences] Disserations and Theses(M. A. Program in Nonprofit Organization Management)

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