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http://nhuir.nhu.edu.tw/handle/987654321/22665
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| 題名: | 中部某榮民之家慢性病內住榮民因應方式與心理社會適應之研究 |
| 其他題名: | A Study of Chronic Disease on the Aged Veterans to the Coping Styles and Psychosocial Adjustment of One Veterans Home in Central Taiwan |
| 作者: | 殷若蘭
Yin, Ruo-lan |
| 貢獻者: | 生死學研究所
蔡明昌
Ming-chang Tsai |
| 關鍵詞: | 榮民;慢性病;適應;因應方式
Chronic disease;Veterans;Adjustment;Coping styles |
| 日期: | 2007 |
| 上傳時間: | 2015-08-05 16:28:54 (UTC+8) |
| 摘要: | 本研究旨在探討『慢性病』內住榮民之因應方式及心理社會適應情形，並進一步探討內住榮民之不同背景變項及不同慢性病榮民因應方式與適應的差異性，且深入分析在因應方式與適應之相關情形。其研究主要目的：一、瞭解榮民之家內住榮民慢性病之現況。二、瞭解榮民之家慢性病榮民之因應方式及適應情形。三、瞭解不同背景變項榮民之家慢性病榮民因應方式與適應的差異情形。四、瞭解榮民之家內住榮民罹患不同的慢性病之因應方式與適應的差異情形。五、探討榮民之家慢性病之內住榮民在因應方式與適應的關係。 本研究採文獻分析、問卷調查及深度訪談等三種研究方法。首先，研究者先就老人身、心、社會之發展、慢性病、因應方式及適應相關國內外文獻加以分析探討；經由文獻回顧，分析統整，歸納出影響內住榮民之身、心、社會發展、慢性病、因應方式及適應相關理論，進而做為問卷調查及訪談之依據。研究者以中部地區一家榮民之家內住榮民為研究對象，有效樣本數為275份，其中以立意取樣選取10位做為深度訪談個案來輔以研究，且以獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數（One-way ANOVA）分析、事後比較考驗（Scheffˊe法比較檢定）、皮爾遜積差及典型相關等統計方法進行分析研究。 本研究所獲得的結果如下：一、 榮民之家內住榮民慢性病之現況方面：（一） 內住榮民平均年齡82.39歲，以外省、識字，但未接受學校教育、無宗教信仰、且未婚者居多。（二） 內住榮民至少有一種（包含一種）以上的慢性病，平均每人罹病數為1.78種。（三） 內住榮民以罹患高血壓(56%)比率最高，其次為心臟病(25.1%)、呼吸系統疾病(16.4%)、糖尿病(15.3%)、退化性關節炎(13.8%)、腦中風(11.6%)。 二、 榮民之家慢性病榮民之因應方式及適應情形方面：（一） 內住榮民對慢性病之因應方式以樂觀因應為最常使用之因應方式且對慢性病之因應方式趨於正向因應。（二） 內住榮民心理社會適應情形頗佳，且心理適應高於社會適應。（三） 經由深度訪談研究結果指出自我概念及支持系統會影響內住榮民之適應。 三、 不同背景變項榮民之家慢性病榮民因應方式與適應的差異方面：（一） 以外省籍、已婚、教育程度愈高、支領榮民就養金、有休閒活動及自我照顧能力與活動愈好者，採取正向因應方式愈高。（二） 以外省籍、支領榮民就養金、有休閒活動及自我照顧能力與活動愈好者，其適應愈佳。 四、 榮民之家內住榮民罹患不同的慢性病之因應方式與適應的差異方面：（一） 內住榮民之罹患不同的慢性病以無心臟病、有退化性關節炎、有腦中風、無糖尿病者較採取正向因應方式。（二） 內住榮民之罹患不同的慢性病為無高血壓及慢性病數目少於兩種以下者，其心理及社會適應較好。（三） 內住榮民罹患不同的慢性病年數之高血壓、退化性關節炎、痛風性關節炎及腦中風在因應方式及適應層面上有差異。 五、 榮民之家慢性病之內住榮民在因應方式與適應情形的關係方面：（一） 慢性病之內住榮民愈採取樂觀因應及面對因應方式者，心理及社會適應愈佳，其生活滿意度相對愈好。（二） 慢性病之內住榮民在因應方式各層面（面對因應、樂觀因應、自立更生因應、逃避因應）與適應各層面（心理、社會適應）有顯著典型相關性，其具解釋力。 本研究依據文獻探討及研究結果，提出具體建議以供在老人照護上另一個範疇上之參考，使內住榮民能越老活得越好，享受老年，達到成功老化的境界。
This study intends to discuss the psychosocial adjustment of chronic diseases to the aged veterans who lives in veterans homes. Moreover, it also hopes to explore the difference of coping styles and adjustment from the veteran home residents, who possess dissimilar backgrounds and chronic diseases and to deeply analyze the correlation between coping styles and adjustments. The research purposes are as followings: 1. Understand the current situation of chronic diseases from the veteran home’s residents. 2. Understand the coping styles and adjustment methods from the veterans. 3. Understand the different coping styles and adjustment methods for chronic diseases adopted by veterans who have diverse backgrounds. 4. Understand different coping styles and adjustment methods adopted by veterans to different chronic diseases. 5. Discuss the correlation between coping styles and adjustment methods for veterans’ chronic diseases. The research methods for this study were literature analysis, questionnaire and in-depth interviews. First, researcher examined and discussed the foreign and domestic references related to the relevant development of aged people, chronic diseases, coping style and adjustments; the theories of veterans’ physical, psychological and sociological development and chronic diseases, coping styles and adjustment were inferred from the previous literature reviews and were also the basis for questionnaire and in-depth interviews. The research subjects are the people who live in one of the veteran homes in the central area of Taiwan. The copies of valid samples are 275. Ten of the subjects were chosen by purposeful sampling to conduct in-depth interviews. Independent-Samples T test, One-way analysis of variance(One-way ANOVA) analyze, Post Hoc Comparisons（Scheffˊe）, Product-moment correlation, and the Canonical correlation are adopted as the statistical methods and investigated. The finding of this study is as follows:一、 The current situation of veterans’ chronic diseases:（一）The mean age of the veteran home’s residents is 82.39. Most of them are mainlanders, literate, having no school education, no religion belief, and unmarried. （二）The boarders have at least one kind of chronic diseases. In average, each veteran has 1.78 kinds of diseases.（三）The order of the sickness ranking for those veterans is hypertension (58%), heart disease (25.1%), respiratory system disorder (16.4%), diabetes (15.3%), degenerative arthritis (13.8%) and brain strokes (11.6%). 二、The coping styles and adjustment method adopted by chronic-diseased veterans in veteran’s home: （一）Being optimistic towards the disease is the most common way adopted by veterans; moreover, it leaded to positive results in the coping styles.（二）The boarding veterans provided good responses in psychosocial adjustment. In addition, psychological adjustment is higher than sociological adjustment. （三）The result from in-depth interviews showed that self concept and support system are the two factors to affect veterans’ adjustments.三、The different coping styles and adjustment methods towards chronic diseases from veteran with dissimilar backgrounds:（一）People who have higher positive coping styles are mainlanders, married, with higher education, having national veteran’s pension, involving leisure activities, and self-cared. （二）People who tend to have better adjustment are mainlanders, having national veteran’s pension, involving leisure activities, and self-cared.四、 Different coping styles and adjustment methods adopted by veterans to different chronic diseases:（一）The boarding veterans who adopt positive coping styles are those who have no heart disease and diabetes; and those who have degenerative arthritis and brain strokes.（二）The boarding veterans who have better psychological and sociological adjustment are those who have no hypertension and have diseases less than two kinds.（三）The boarding veterans who showed differences in coping styles and adjustment levels are those who have hypertension, degenerative arthritis, gouty arthritis and brain stroke in different years.五、 The correlation between coping styles and adjustment methods for veterans’ chronic diseases:（一）The boarding veterans who adopt positive coping styles have better psychological and sociological adjustment and better life satisfaction. （二）The boarding veterans present an obvious Canonical correlation in coping style level (confront, optimistic, self-support, evade) and in adapting level (psychological and sociological adjustment). According to literature discussions and research results, this study provides concrete suggestions as the model reference for the aged caring, aiming to shape the boarding veterans a better and success living environment. |
| 顯示於類別: | [生死學系(生死學系碩士班,哲學與生命教育碩士班)] 博碩士論文-生死學系碩士班
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