消防人員生命意義感與死亡態度之研究－以高雄縣、市為例

NHUIR > College of Humanities > Department of Life-and-Death Studies > Disserations and Theses(M. A. Program in Life-and-Death Studies) > Item 987654321/22674

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Title:	消防人員生命意義感與死亡態度之研究－以高雄縣、市為例
Other Titles:	A study on meaning of life and attitudes toward death for firefighters--in Kaohsiung County and Cit
Authors:	何妙芬 He, Miao-fen
Contributors:	生死學研究所紀潔芳 Jie-fang Ji
Keywords:	死亡態度;消防人員;生命意義感 attitudes toward death;firefighters;meaning of life
Date:	2007
Issue Date:	2015-08-05 16:29:17 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	本研究目的在於了解消防人員生命意義感與死亡態度之現況，並進一步探討消防人員個人背景變項（年齡、工作年資、教育程度、婚姻狀況、宗教信仰）、環境經驗變項（執勤受傷經驗、執勤面臨生命危險經驗、同事因公殉職、重要親人死亡經驗）生命意義感與死亡態度之差異，以及生命意義感與死亡態度的相關情形。　　　　本研究採用問卷調查法及深度訪談等二種研究方法。在問卷調查法方面，以高雄縣、市消防人員為受試樣本來源，共發出五百份問卷，有效樣本為四百四十三份，採用「生命意義感量表」與「死亡態度量表」做為研究工具；在深度訪談方面，選取十位消防人員進行訪談。問卷調查所得資料採描述性統計、t考驗、變異數分析（ANOVA）、Scheff’e 多重比較檢定、典型相關等統計方法進行分析。　　本研究所獲致的結果如下：　　一、消防人員在生命意義感方面：　（一）消防人員生命意義感以「生命控制」為主。　（二）消防人員之生命意義感會因其背景變項（年齡、工作年資、婚姻狀況、宗教信仰）不同而有差異。1.不同年齡之消防人員「51-60歲」者，在「生命控制」層面上，顯著高於「31-40歲」者。2.不同工作年資之消防人員「21-30年」者，在「生命控制」、「苦難接納」、「生命目的」及「求意義的意志」層面上，顯著高於「6-10年」者。3.不同婚姻狀況之消防人員「離婚、喪偶」者，在「苦難接納」與「生命目的」兩個層面，顯著高於「未婚」者。4.不同宗教信仰之消防人員信仰「佛教」者，在「生命目的」層面上，顯著高於「無宗教信仰」者。　　　　二、消防人員在死亡態度方面：　（一）消防人員死亡態度以「死亡逃避」為主。　（二）消防人員之死亡態度會因其背景變項（年齡、工作年資、宗教信仰、重要親人死亡經驗）不同而有差異。1.不同年齡之消防人員「41-50歲」者，在「逃離接受」層面，顯著高於「20-30歲」者；「41-50歲」者在「死亡逃避」層面，顯著高於「31-40歲」者。2.不同工作年資之消防人員「21-30年」者，在「趨近接受」、「死亡逃避」與「死亡恐懼」層面上，顯著高於「6-10年」者；「11-20年」者在「死亡逃避」層面，顯著高於「6-10年」者；「21-30年」者在「逃離接受」層面，顯著高於「5年以下」者。3.不同宗教信仰之消防人員信仰「基督教」者，在「趨近接受」層面，顯著高於「道教」者；信仰「基督教」者在「趨近接受」層面，顯著高於「無宗教信仰」者；信仰「佛教」者在「趨近接受」層面，顯著高於「無宗教信仰」者。4.有無經歷過重要親人死亡經驗之消防人員，「無經歷過重要親人死亡經驗」者在「死亡恐懼」與「死亡逃避」分層面，顯著高於「有經歷過重要親人死亡經驗」者。　　　　三、消防人員生命意義感與死亡態度之間的關係：生命意義感對於死亡態度具顯著的解釋力。　　　　根據研究結果，提供相關人員與行政機關之參考，提出下列建議：1.重視救災裝備、提昇災害搶救訓練；2.參與「生命教育」課程；3.擇選適合自己的宗教信仰；4.設立消防人員家庭聯誼社。　　The objectives of this study were to examine the meaning of life and attitudes toward death for firefighters- in Kaohsiung County and City. A further investigation on their possible relationships between the demographic variables (age, working years, education level, marital status, religion) of firefighters, environmental variables (work-related injuries, work-related life-threatening events, colleagues’ work-related death, loss of family members experiences) and their views of meaning of life and attitudes toward death were performed. 　　　　The research instruments were: 1. structured questionnaires surveys: “The Meaning of Life” questionnaires and “Death Attitude Profile-Revised, DAP-R”; 2. face-in-face interview in depth with 10 selected firefighters. The samples were using the firefighters from Kaohsiung County and City. 500 questionnaires were distributed and 443 effective questionnaires were received. SPSS 10.0 for Windows with the function of descriptive statistics, compare Means with T-test, one-way ANOVA ( Scheff’e test) and Canonical Correlations analysis were performed to analyse the collected data. 　　　　The results were as follows：　　1. In the aspect of meaning of life. 　　a. Firefighters viewed life mainly on “Life control”.　　b. 51 to 60 years age group scored “Life control” subscale significantly higher than 31 to 40 years age group.　　c. With 21 to 30 working years firefighters scored “Life control”, “Sorrow and sufferings acceptance”, “Life purpose” and “Will to meaning” significantly higher than the 6 to 10 working years.　　d. Divorced and widow scored higher than the single in “Sorrow and sufferings acceptance” and “Life purpose” subscales.　　e. Buddhist scored significantly higher than the non-religion in “Life purpose” subscale. 　　2. In the aspect of attitudes toward death. 　　a. Firefighters’ attitudes were mainly toward “death avoidance”.　　b. 41 to 50 years old firefighters scored significantly higher on “escape acceptance” and “death acceptance” than 20 to 40 years old. 　　c. Firefighters who work for 21 to 30 years scored significantly higher in “approach acceptance”, “death avoidance” and “fear of death” than with 6 to 10 years. In subscale “death avoidance”, 11 to 20 working years scored significantly higher than the 6 to 10 years working years. 21 to 30 working years scored significantly higher in “escape acceptance” than less than 5 working years.　　d. Christian scored significantly higher in “approach acceptance” than Taoism and non-religion firefighters. The Buddhist scored significantly higher than non-religion firefighters. 　　e. Without any experiences lost of family members scored significantly higher in “fear of death” and “death avoidance” than the one who had experienced the death of family members.　　3. The views of meaning of life (life control, sorrow and sufferings acceptance, life purpose and will to meaning) were strongly associated with the attitudes towards death (approach acceptance, fear of death, escape acceptance, death avoidance).　　　　The suggestions to the authority and administrative department for future implications practice include: 1. emphasizing on the life-saving equipments, facilities and training; 2. participating the “Life Education “curriculum; 3. choose an own religion; 4. establishing the social life within the firefighters’ family members.
Appears in Collections:	[Department of Life-and-Death Studies] Disserations and Theses(M. A. Program in Life-and-Death Studies)

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