南華大學機構典藏系統:Item 987654321/22936
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    題名: 歐洲共同體加入國際組織之研究—以聯合國糧食與農業組織為例
    其他題名: A Study on the European Community as a Membership for Acceding International Organization--the example of the FAO
    作者: 吳峻豪
    Wu, Chun-hao
    貢獻者: 歐洲研究所
    鍾志明
    Chih-ming Chung
    關鍵詞: 歐洲共同體;權限劃分;糧農組織;國際組織;區域經濟統合組織
    FAO;division of competence;EC;international organizations;REIOs
    日期: 2007
    上傳時間: 2015-08-07 15:00:16 (UTC+8)
    摘要: 　　在一九九一年十一月聯合國糧食及農業組織(Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, FAO)之組織章程修正以准許區域經濟統合組織(Regional Economic Integration Organizations, REIOs)的加入，歐洲經濟共同體正式成為FAO的會員，本研究的主題從國際組織的內部範圍到基本地控制成員國的事務，著重在國際組織與其他國際組織的外部關係。　　　傳統上，不同於國家的實體就無法成為國際法系統中的參與者，在國際組織法中，由主權國家創造而擁有法定身份的國際組織可以參與國際活動，但是參與的方式與主權國家參與的方式並不相同。在國際性活動中國際組織更多的參與，有愈來愈多非國家的國際實體對國際間事務的努力奉獻，國際組織活動協調的需要正在成長，對應於此趨勢，國際組織參與另一個國際組織活動決策權的需要也正在成長，然而問題是會員資格的權利以往是專為主權國家保留，當國際組織需要參與另一個國際組織的活動時，在大部分實際情況中乃以觀察員的身份參與。　　　因為歐體在貿易政策領域與漁業領域具有獨占權限與其他範圍的決策權限，歐體在世界舞台扮演逐漸重要的角色，在單一歐洲法案與歐盟條約中給予歐體很多領域對外關係的權力，例如環境保護、科技研究，歐體獲得更多權限，歐體可以在該領域的活躍國際組織架構中運用其權限變得更重要，尤其在歐體擁有獨占權限的主題，成員國在該主題中已將自己的權力移轉給歐體，而因此歐體可以自己扮演主導的角色。對於歐體與其他國際組織間關係的研究，基於主要先從歐體法的立場檢視，也包含了國際組織法的觀點和歐體參與國際組織活動具體方法的檢驗，因此這個研究的問題點是國際組織能否在法律層面或實際上歐體根據其需要與權限在國際組織架構內從事活動的充足空間。本論文先從歐體法中對歐體及其成員國就對外關係上規範探討歐體內部權限劃分的問題，次就歐洲共同體加入國際組織的問題加以探討，最後以其加入聯合國糧農組織為實際案例研究。
    　　In November 1991, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) amended the FAO Constitution to allow Regional Economic Integration Organizations (REIOs) to accede as members to the FAO. At the same session of the Conference of the FAO the accession of the European Economic Community (EEC) as the first member organization was approved by vote. The topic of this study focused on the affairs of internal extent of the international organizations to basic member states domination, which centered on the external relations between international organizations and others.　　　Traditionally, different national substantiations could not be a part of international law system, within the international laws, the international organizations with statutory reputation which given by the sovereign states participate the international actions; however, the way for participation is different from the sovereign states. The more international organizations participate in the international actions, and the more none-national substantiations strive to contribute for the international affairs. The needs on coordination of international organizations actions is increasing, to deal with the situation, the needs of international organization’s participation in other international organization is also creasing. Yet, the right of qualified member states used to be preserved for the sovereign states only, when international organization needs to participate in another, it still participated as an observer mostly.　　　Because of the exclusive competence on trade policy and fishery policy of the European Community (EC) and other decision-making authority, EC played an important role in the world. The EC was given with many powers for external relations by the Single European Act and the Treaty of European Union, such as environmental protection, science and technology research, the EC gained more competence which became important to use the competence in the active international organizations of these fields. Especially the object of the EC owns the exclusive competence, the member states had already transferred their competence to the EC; therefore, the EC could play a role of leader. As to this study on the relations of EC and other international organizations are basically viewed from the Community Law, which included the viewpoints of international organization law and the specific measures from EC’s participation in the actions of international organizations. Therefore, the main idea on this study is whether international organizations have enough room for on legal level or actually according to the needs and the competence to devote for the EC. This study will discuss the issue on the division of competence within the EC from the external relations of Community Law to the EC and the member states; then study the issue of EC joining into the international organizations, and take as a case study on acceding to the FAO of the EC.
    顯示於類別:[國際事務與企業學系(亞太研究碩士班,公共政策研究碩士班,歐洲研究碩士班)] 博碩士論文-歐洲研究碩士班

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