本研究旨在探討大學生實施觀功念恩實驗後,觀功念恩表現與影響。本研究以嘉義縣某大學三個班級的學生共111名為研究對象,其中實驗A組43人、實驗B組34人及控制組34人,採三組前後測準實驗設計,實驗A組學生接受每週一次共八次觀功念恩之實驗作業,實驗B組接受每週一次共八次心情塗鴉作業之實驗作業,控制組則在期間不接受任何實驗處理。 在量化方面,實驗A組、實驗B組及控制組分別之實驗前一週、實驗結束一周內,以「觀功念恩量表」、「幸福感量表」及「社會支持量表」為測量工具進行前測、後測。將所得之量表經描述統計、單因子共變數等統計方法進行分析;在質性資料分析方面,轉騰實驗A組近四百篇觀功念恩學習單進行主題分析法之分析,想要瞭解大學生觀功念恩表現和影響及大學生學習如何對父母觀功念恩。 本研究發現如下:壹、大學生實施觀功念恩實驗後,實驗A組、實驗B組及控制組在觀功念恩的表現。一、大學生實施觀功念恩實驗後,實驗A組、實驗B組及控制組在「同儕觀功念恩」表現,施作觀功念恩、心情塗鴉作業與未作任何實驗;在數據結果沒有顯著差異。二、大學生實施觀功念恩實驗後,實驗A組、實驗B組及控制組在「父母觀功念恩」表現,施作觀功念恩、心情塗鴉作業與未作任何實驗,在數據結果沒有顯著差異。三、大學生實施觀功念恩實驗後,實驗A組、實驗B組及控制組在「師長觀功念恩」,施作觀功念恩與未作任何實驗,比做心情塗鴉作業有顯著差異。貳、大學生實施觀功念恩實驗後,實驗A組、實驗B組及控制組對幸福感及社會支持方面的影響。一、大學生實施觀功念恩實驗後,實驗A組、實驗B組及控制組在幸福感方面,施作觀功念恩與沒有做觀功念恩及心情塗鴉作業,在幸福感方面數據結果沒有顯著差異。二、大學生實施觀功念恩實驗後,實驗A組、實驗B組及控制組在社會支持方面,施作觀功念恩與沒有做觀功念恩及心情塗鴉作業,在社會支持方面數據結果沒有顯著差異。參、大學生實施觀功念恩作業的過程中,學習如何對父母觀功念恩。 觀功念恩質性分析實驗A組大學生「觀功念恩學習單」。從五十位學生中,謄寫近四百份觀功念恩學習單,進行觀功念恩的質性分析初探。本研究根據主題分析法瞭解大學生學習如何對父母觀功念恩,可分為九點:一、認識到父母照顧生活需求;二、體會到父母關心交友與外出安全;三、認知到父母含辛茹苦把孩子撫養長大;四、了解到父母是擔心孩子營養與身體健康;五、體會到父母在教導待人處事道理;六、瞭解父母是關心孩子;七、體認到父母是正確地;八、學習感恩父母;九、發現美的眼睛;作為後繼研究者在大學生學習如何對父母觀功念恩角度的參考。 最後根據研究之結果,希望能對觀功念恩研究者及未來後續研究、實務提出相關建議。 Using experimental design, this study aimed to examine the effect of practicing Observing Merits and Appreciating Kindness (OMAK). 111students from three classes in a private university of Chiayi County participated in this study. Of those 11students, 43 students were assigned to Experiment Group A which implementing an OMAK homework once a week for eight weeks. 34 students were assigned to Experiment Group B which implementing a drawing diary once a week for eight weeks. 34 people were assigned to the control group. Results from one-way ANCOVA showed that Experiment Group A performed significantly better in the scale of Observing Merits and Appreciating Kindness for teachers. Meanwhile, no significant differences were observed in scales of Happiness Scale and Social Support Questionnaire. Nine themes concerning how students observe their parents’ merits and kindness were developed from qualitative data collected from Experiment Group A’s OMAK homework. These themes include: (1) parents meeting their needs, (2) parents’ concerns about their safety and peer relationship, (3) the hardship that parents have gone through raising children, (4) parents worrying about their health, (5) parents’ wisdom for life, (6) parents’ love for their children, (7) parents making the right decisions, (8) gratitude toward their parents, and finally (9) parents’ beautiful qualities. Finally, this study offered suggestions for future research and practice of OMAK based on the research results.