| 摘要: | 本文是藉由分析《廣論》及日常法師《廣論手抄稿》的思想內涵，以探討佛教的醫藥觀及養生觀，使病者了解病因及正確的養生觀，進而預防疾病並有正確的就醫態度。其次，幫助醫療從業者了解佛法的醫藥觀及養生觀，使其對疾病治療與醫病溝通有新的認識。再者，幫助醫病雙方以「病」為師，對生命有更深層的了解。 首先討論現代醫學的醫藥觀及養生觀，包括西方傳統醫學的發展、西方現代醫學的醫藥觀及養生觀、印度傳統醫學與其現代發展三部分。接著整理印度佛教的相關觀點，分為原始佛教、初期大乘及密教時期三部份。本文最主要是分析《廣論》及《廣論手抄稿》跟疾病、養生及醫藥有關之思想。《廣論》中有關論述分四大部份討論：1. 病因及死因；2. 醫藥觀：應遵醫囑、醫藥是助伴、治病方法、勇悍面對病苦、醫療是菩薩行；3.養生觀；正確飲食、正確睡眠、其他養生觀；4.面對疾病與死亡。 《廣論手抄稿》中有關論述分四大部份討論：1.病因及死因；2. 生病應有的態度：要有病識感、皈依為主，醫藥是助伴、治病要遵醫囑、以法為主、善用心靈與心理力量；3.養生觀：法是最好的營養、正確飲食，正確睡眠，習勞運動、正向思考；4.安寧緩和療護：皈依、念死、臨終症狀控制。此外也討論醫病關係、飲食貪欲的對治及帶病修行。最後以現代三個常見疾病：高血壓、癌症及失智症，作為議題，探討佛教醫藥觀與養生觀之現代意義。
This paper analyzes the main ideological concepts of Lamrim Chenmo and The Manuscript on Lamrim Chenmo of Venerable Master Ri Chang to explore the Buddhist perspective on medicine and health promotion. In doing so, it seeks to help patients understand the causes of illnesses and to have a correct concept of health promotion and then to prevent illnesses and to have correct attitude while seeking medical care; The paper also seeks to help medical practitioners to understand the same, so that they have a new understanding of disease treatment and a new way of doctor-patient communication. First, we discuss the perspective on medicine and health promotion in modern medicine, including the development of Western medicine, current modern mainstream medicine, Indian traditional medicine and its modern development. Then, the relevant viewpoints of Indian Buddhism were sorted out and divided into three parts: the original Buddhism, the early Mahayana and the Vajrayāna period. The main purpose of this paper is to analyze the thoughts related to diseases, health promotion and medicine in Lamrim Chenmo and Manuscripts on Lamrim Chenmo. The discussion on Lamrim Chenmo is divided into four parts: 1. Causes of illnesses and causes of death; 2. Views on medicine: patients should follow the doctor's advice, medicine is a partner, treatment methods, one should be brave and tough when facing illness, providing cure is a way of bodhisattva; 3. Health promotion concepts: 4. How to face disease and death. The discussion on Manuscripts of Lamrim Chenmo is divided into four parts: 1. Causes of illnesses and causes of death; 2. Attitudes toward illnesses; 3. Health promotion concepts; 4. hospice care: take refuge in Triple Gem, thinking of death, control of symptoms of death. In addition, it also discusses the relationship between doctor and patient, how to cure the greed for food, and how to cultivate oneself despite illness. Lastly, with the three modern diseases: hypertension, cancer and dementia, as the theme, we explore the modern significance of Buddhist perspective on medicine and health promotion. |
