消失中的喪禮與陰宅：殯葬價值系統與殯葬行為之研究

南華大學機構典藏系統 > 人文學院 > 生死學系(生死學系碩士班,哲學與生命教育碩士班) > 國科會計畫 > Item 987654321/27603

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題名:	消失中的喪禮與陰宅：殯葬價值系統與殯葬行為之研究
其他題名:	The Disappearing Funeral Ceremony and Cemetery: a Study on the Funeral Value System and Funeral Behavior
作者:	楊國柱
貢獻者:	南華大學生死學系
關鍵詞:	殯葬價值系統;殯葬行為;制度變遷 Funeral value system;Funeral behavior;Institutional Change
日期:	2020
上傳時間:	2021-01-25 14:48:27 (UTC+8)
摘要:	喪禮功能所要實現的不只是避免破壞環境問題，更重要的是促進喪家及與死者生前有交往者的悲傷心靈療癒，政府制定政策經常只重視前者，而忽略後者，以致難以對症下藥並徹底解決問題。隨著工商社會的高度發展，造成人與人之間的疏離，過去殯葬的功能逐漸減弱，於是殯葬儀節大幅簡化，而安葬方式則從過去土葬演變到火化進塔。然而社會更加繁忙，火化進塔開始受到檢討，於是不用土地或循環利用土地的葬式興起，近十多年來政府積極推廣環保自然葬。日本傳統為遺體火化後骨灰土葬，近幾年來興起不留骨灰不買墓地的「零葬」方式。出殯儀式方面則採不守夜，不舉行告別儀式，遺體直接送火化場的「直葬」方式。臺灣也受此趨勢的影響，而有輿論提倡類似直葬或零葬的方式，使傳統的殯葬儀節及其內在功能產生不小的衝擊。價值觀是基本人類特徵的社會表達，它們為角色提供了實際將計劃付諸行動的動力或能量。由於殯葬價值系統將指引人類的殯葬行為，而符合價值系統的殯葬行為方有助於亡者親友的悲傷療癒，因此，本研究重點首先採質性訪談，以瞭解喪親家庭殯葬行為現況，及其殯葬價值觀與殯葬行為間之落差。其次採量化問卷調查，以探究國人目前之殯葬價值系統，並檢視此價值觀與國內目前推行的殯儀簡約及葬式無形化等殯葬行為是否相符。最後實施移地調查，參考國外殯葬行為發展經驗，研擬我國合理之殯葬行為模式，並參考Hayami的社經發展系統檢討制度面、資源面及技術面元素後，研提相應之配套改進措施。 What the implementation of funeral function is not only to avoid the the environmental problems, but more importantly is to facilitate the grief healing of the bereaved and people who have had contacts with the deceased. Usually, the policy-maker only pays attention to environmental problem but ignores grief healing so that it is difficult to solve above problems completely. As time goes by, the highly developed industrial and commercial society results in alienation among people, which the past function of funeral and burial nowadays is gradually weakened. The funeral rituals have been greatly simplified, and the traditional burial has evolved to ‘cremated then sent to columbarium’ （火化進塔）. However, when people getting busy, more and more people would not spend too much time on detailed ‘cremated then sent to columbarium’ and its rituals, so that such policy is challenged and reviewed.Therefore, the idea of ‘burial without land’ or ‘cycling use the burial land’ spring up. It seems that such idea is similar to ‘green burial’ for which the government has promoted for more than 10 years. In Japan, the tradition is the burial of cremated ashes. In recent years, Japan rises the trend of ‘zerosou (ゼロソウ, zero-burial)’ which means the bereaved would like to adopt non-ash-preserved and non-cemetery method. On the aspect of funeral ceremony, the bereaved adopt no vigil, no farewell ceremony, and then sending the body to the crematorium directly, the so-called ‘chokusou (ちょくそう, directly burial)’. Taiwan is also affected by this trend, and public opinion advocates similar methods like Japanese do, which makes the traditional funeral ritual and its internal function a huge impact. Values are social expressions of basic human characteristics that provide the driven force or energy to actually put the plan into action. Since the funeral value system will guide the human beings' funeral behavior, and the funeral behavior which corresponds to the value system will be helpful to the grief healing towards the relatives and friends of the deceased. Therefore, at first, this study focuses on qualitative interviews to understand the current situation of the funeral behavior of the bereaved, and the gap between the bereaved's value system and the funeral behavior. Secondly, this study adopts quantitative questionnaire survey to explore the current funeral value system of the nation, and the gap between the governmental promoted simplified funeral and burial and the real civil funeral behavior. Finally, this study would like implement an ex situ investigation with reference to the development experience of foreign funeral behavior and attempts to develop the rational funeral behavior model. Meanwhile, this study refers to Hayami's social economic development system to review the elements of institution, resources, technique etc., and then develop corresponding improvement measures.
顯示於類別:	[生死學系(生死學系碩士班,哲學與生命教育碩士班)] 國科會計畫

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