| 摘要: | 背景及目的：護理學生未來職責主要是在醫療體系中照護病患，並且在醫療最前線指導病患如何從生活型態、飲食、運動等諸方面來促進健康，但在護理人員養成階段課程大多偏向於西醫，對於中醫涉獵不多，盡早讓護理學生瞭解自身中醫體質並養成健康的生活型態對日後從事護理工作更能勝任。本研究探討護理生之生活型態、經期生理不適現況，及其與中醫體質之相關性。 研究對象及方法：本研究為橫斷式問卷調查，以北部、中部、南部學校大專護理科系年滿20歲、言語無溝通障礙、無重大疾病的女學生為收案對象，共招募432位。研究工具包括結構型問卷，包含基本資料、中醫體質量表，健康促進生活型態中文量表、經期生理不適量表、飲食頻率問卷。問卷回收後進行整理、統計分析。資料分析使用SPSS25套裝統計軟體進行統計分析。 結果：(1)受訪學生在中醫體質上，平和體質佔27.56%，偏頗體質佔72.44%，其中以陰虛體質最多，其次為氣虛及氣鬱體質；(2)健康促進生活型態之自我實現、健康責任、運動、營養、人際支援、壓力管理等六個項目與平和體質皆呈正相關，與偏頗體質呈負相關；(3)在飲食頻率部份，攝取蛋豆魚肉、奶類、蔬菜類、水果類與平和質呈正相關性，多食油炸與甜食與陰虛及特稟質呈正相關；(4)在經期生理不適多與平和質呈負相關，與偏頗體質呈正相關。 結論：本研究結果證實平和體質與健康促進生活型態及正確飲食習慣息息相關，維持穩定之平和體質亦可減緩護理學生的經期生理不適。
Background and Purpose: The main duty of a nurse is to care for patients. Nurses also need to teach patients how to improve their health through lifestyle change, diet, and exercise. However, most of the courses that nursing students need to complete during their training are biased toward western medicine, with little emphasis on Chinese medicine. It would be helpful for nursing students in their future work if they have a better understanding of their own TCM body constitution, and are able to develop a healthy lifestyle of their own. This study investigated the relationships among lifestyle, menstrual distress, and TCM constitution in nursing students. Research Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was used in this study. There were 432 female students enrolled in this study from the nursing department of colleges in northern, central and southern Taiwan. These female students were at least 20 years old and had no communication problems and no major illnesses. Structured questionnaires were used in this study, which included a basic personal attributes questionnaire, Constitution in Chinese Medicine Questionnaire (CCMQ), Health Promotion Lifestyle Profile (HPLP-S), Menstrual Distress Questionnaire (MDQ), and a diet frequency questionnaire. After the questionnaires were collected, data analysis was performed with SPSS 25 statistical software. Results: The results showed that: (1) With regard to the body constitution of students, 27.56% had Gentleness body constitution and 72.44% had abnormal body constitution, of which most were categorized as Yin-deficiency, followed by Qi-deficiency and Qi-depression body constitutions. (2) All scores in the Health Promotion Lifestyle Profile scale, which included self-actualization, health responsibility, exercise, nutrition, interpersonal support, and stress management showed a positive correlation with Gentleness body constitution scores and negative correlation with abnormal body constitution scores. (3) On the frequency of diet, the frequencies of eating egg, fish, milk, vegetables, fruits showed a positive correlation with the score of Gentleness body constitution. In addition, the frequency of eating fried and sweet foods showed a positive correlation with Yin-deficiency and Special diathesis body constitution scores. (4) The score obtained from the menstrual physiological discomfort scale showed a negative correlation with the Gentleness body constitution scores and a positive correlation with several abnormal body constitutions. Conclusion: The results of this study suggested that there is a strong relationship among Gentleness body constitution, health-promoting lifestyle profile and correct eating habits. Further, nursing students can reduce their own menstrual physical discomfort by maintaining their own Gentleness body constitution. |
