| 摘要: | 背景及目的：芳香療法是諸多自然療法中的一種，溯其根源已經有數百年歷史，應用於輔助醫療上已極具臨床經驗。精油使用者其人格特質於氣味情感認知，以及情緒與生理反應之聯結等尚未有充分的探討，本研究以開放型人格特質的女性為例，探討不同官能基精油嗅覺情緒反應與自律神經活性變化之相關性。 材料與方法：本研究以常見七種化學官能基代表性精油進行試驗，分別為:丁香 (eugenol含量 82.32%)、苦橙葉 (linalyl acetate含量52.53%)、甜橙 (limonene含量95.18%)、檸檬尤加利 (citronellal含量 69.99 %)、花梨木 (linalool含量84.33%) 、胡椒薄荷 (menthone含量35.44%)、羅文莎葉 (1,8-cineole含量53.11%)。每位受試者均須完成七種精油吸嗅，每種精油測試需相隔一天以上，測試的精油順序為隨機選取。評估工具為五大人格特質量表、PAD情緒量表 (PAD Emotional State Model) 和心率變異 (Heart Rate Variability，HRV)。數據資料以SPSS20進行描述性統計、t檢定、Pearson相關、ANOVA等進行統計分析。 結果: 本研究實際收案人數爲32位，研究結果顯示吸嗅丁香精油後交感神經指標ln HF降低、交感與副交感神經平衡指標LF/HF增加達顯著差異；吸嗅尤加利後常規化交感神經指標nLF增加達到顯著差異。受試者吸嗅7種精油後情緒狀態都呈現旺盛的（+P+A+D）。愉悅度 (Pleasur) 由高到低依序為甜橙、胡椒薄荷、花梨木、苦橙葉、羅文莎葉、丁香及檸檬尤加利。激發度 (Arousal) 由高到低依序為胡椒薄荷、檸檬尤加利、丁香、花梨木、羅文莎葉、甜橙及苦橙葉。支配度(Dominance) 由高到低依序為胡椒薄荷、檸檬尤加利、丁香、羅文莎葉、甜橙、花梨木及苦橙葉。PAD情緒量表與心率變異HRV後測之相關性部分，吸嗅檸檬尤加利 (含香茅醛citronellal) 後之交感神經指標LF與激發度、副交感神經指標HF與激發度和支配度、心率變異總和Total Power與支配度皆呈現顯著的正相關性；吸嗅花梨木 (含沉香醇linalool) 後之LF/HF與愉悅度有顯著性的負相關；吸嗅胡椒薄荷 (含薄荷酮menthone) 後之LF/HF與支配度有顯著性的正相關；吸嗅甜橙 (含檸檬烯limonene) 後Total Power與支配度有顯著性的正相關。 結論: 本研究之開放型人格特質女性在吸嗅不同官能基精油後皆呈現之正向的嗅覺情緒反應，部分情緒面向亦反應在自律神經活性之變化上。
Background: The use of this therapy has been widely applied to medical services with approval clinical practice. The personality traits of essential oil users are not fully explored in the perception of odor and emotion, as well as the connection between emotion and physiological response. This study takes females with openness personality trait as an example to explore the correlation between functional group-based essential oils olfactory perceptual experience and changes in autonomic nervous activity. Materials and Methods: Seven functional groupp-based essential oils are selected in this study test. There are Clove (eugenol 82.32%), Petitgrain (linalyl acetate 52.53%), Orange (limonene 95.18%), Eucalyptus (citronellal 69.99 %), Rosewood (linalool 84.33%), Peppermint (menthone 35.44%), and Ravensara (1,8-cineole 53.11%). Each subject must sniff all seven essential oils for completion. The sniffing between each essential oil must leave at least one day during this test and the sequence is randomly selected. The assessment tool for the statistical analysis includes the PAD Emotional State Model and heart rate variability measurement. Results: There are 32 objects participated in this study. The results have shown that there is a significant difference in the decrease of 1nHFand increase of LF/HF for the Clove essential oil. A significant difference in an increase of nLF has also revealed for the Eucalyptus essential oil. All the participants have marked “energetic” (+P+A+D) status affter sniffing seven essential oils. The PAD Emotional State Model resulting sequence from high to low for the seven essential oil is listed as below. Pleasure: Orange, Peppermint, Rosewood, Petitgrain, Ravensara, Clove, Eucalyptus. Arousal: Peppermint, Eucalyptus, Clove, Rosewood, Ravensara, Orange, Petitgrain. Dominance: Peppermint, Eucalyptus, Clove, Ravensara, Orange, Rosewood, Petitgrain. Eucalyptus (with citronellal) has shown a significant positive correlation between LF and arousal, HF with arousal and dominance, Total Power with dominance. Rosewood (with linalool) has shown a significantly negative relationship between LF/HF and pleasure (P). Peppermint (with menthone) has revealed a positive correlation between LF/HF and dominance, while Orange (with limonene) has shown the same positive correlation between Total Power and dominance. Conclusion: Females with openness personality trait in this study have shown an emotionally positive reactions to the olfactory responses after sniffing different functional groups-based essential oils. Some aspects of the mood have also shown in the changes in autonomic nervous activity. |
