| 摘要: | 背景及目的：肩頸痠痛好發於女姓，而長期慢性疼痛更是會引發情緒焦慮。足部反射療法能活化組織機能，達到身體健康的功能。所以，本研究目的為探討足部反射療法對改善女性患者肩頸痠痛、情緒焦慮及睡眠品質之成效。 實驗設計：本研究採前後測實驗設計法。 研究對象與方法：於2020年11月至2021年2月期間，在南部某地區招募年齡介於20到64歲，自覺肩頸痠痛或經醫師診斷罹患此症狀的女性受試者。另排除膝蓋以下皮膚有出血或感染情形者、實驗前12小時有服用消炎止痛藥或拒絕完成實驗者。隨機將受試者分成足療組(進行足部反射療法)及肩頸放鬆操組(進行肩頸放鬆操)等兩組實驗組，另外進行一般活動的為對照組各30名。進行實驗前以問卷收集基本資料、生活型態及健康狀況等問題，於實驗前()、實驗介入後()及完成介入實驗後24小時()，蒐集自覺疼痛量表、情境特質焦慮量表、血壓心跳等生理反應數據或維辛氏睡眠量表等。研究資料以描述性統計、卡方分析及單因子變異數分析等，比較實驗組與對照組之各項數據之相關性。 結果：本研究共有80人完成試驗(有效完成率為88.9%)。受試者平均年齡為47.0歲，有56.3%有慢性疾病、48.7%有使用藥物以及66.2%有使用過輔助療法以減緩肩頸痠痛。結果顯示實驗前受試者的平均自覺疼痛量表得分為4.7 ± 1.6分、情緒特質焦慮量表總分為38.5 ± 10.3以及維辛氏睡眠量表為960.6 ± 291.7分。實驗介入後以單因子變異數分析結果顯示，足療組較肩頸放鬆操組更能降低疼痛量表分數(3.3 vs. 1.4分，P<0.001)、降低心跳速率(6.7 vs. 0.4分，P<0.001)以及降低情緒焦慮量表分數(9.6 vs. 7.3分，P=0.005)。另外，足療組與肩頸放鬆操組皆能讓受試者感覺平靜(P=0.002)、安全(P=0.003)、放鬆(P=0.005)、滿意(P=0.017)、舒適(P=0.032)、自信(P=0.043)、滿足(P=0.004)、穩定(P=0.022)以及愉快(P=0.001)等。但是，與對照組相較之下，足療組及肩頸放鬆操組没有能顯著改善睡眠品質。 結論：綜合以上結果，足部反射療法能有效緩解女性肩頸痠痛引起的疼痛與焦慮程度。研究成果可以提供醫療相關單位設計足部反射療法為輔助療法，改善肩頸痠痛患者之不適症狀參考。並建議女性可以在面臨工作或家庭壓力之下，藉由足部反射療法舒緩肩頸痠痛，進而改善情緒焦慮及降低心跳生理反應等。
Background and Objective: Neck and shoulder pain happens more commonly in females, and chronic pain can even cause emotional anxiety. Foot reflexology can active tissue function to achieve the purpose of physical health, so the purpose of this study is to explore the effect of foot reflexology on improving neck and shoulder pain, emotional anxiety and sleep quality in women. Experimental Design: This study adopts a pre- and post-test experimental design method. Materials and Methods: The research object were female patients recruited from a certain area from November 2020 to February 2021 in southern Taiwan. The patients invited to participate in this research were aged 20 to 64 years old with perceived or physician's diagnosis of long-term shoulder and neck pains. However, those who excluded were having bleedings or infections on the skin below the knees as well as the ones ttaking anti-inflammatory analgesics 12 hours before the experiment or refusing to complete the experiment. Subjects were then randomly assigned into two experiment groups: a pedicure group (for foot reflexology) and a shoulder and neck relaxation group (for shoulder and neck relaxation). In addition, there were 30 people performing general activities in each group above as the comparison. Before starting the experiment, use questionnaires to collect personal information, lifestyle and health status, and collect the Self-conscious Pain Scale, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and Verran and Snyder-Halpern Sleep Scale, or physiological response data, such as blood pressure and heartbeat before the experiment (). 30 minutes after starting the experiment () and 24 hours after the completion of the experiment (). The research data uses descriptive statistics, Chi-square analysis and one-way analysis of variance to compare the correlation between the experimental group and the control group. Results: A total of 80 people completed the trial (Response rate was 88.9%). The average age of the subjects was 47.7 years old. 56.3% of them had chronic diseases, 48.7% were taking medicine and 66.2% used adjuvant therapy to relieve shoulder and neck pain. Before the experiment, the average score of the Visual Analogue Scale (NRS) was -4.7 ± 1.6, The mean total STAI score of the sample was 38.5 ± 10.3, and Verran and Snyder-Halpern Sleep Scale was 960.6 ± 291.7 points. After the experiment, the results of one-way analysis of variance showed that comparing with the shoulder and neck relaxation exercise group, the pedicure group was more able to lower the NRS scale score (3.3 vs. 1.4, P<0.001), decreased to the heart rate (6.7 vs. 0.4, P<0.001), and decreased to the STAI scale score (9.6 vs. 7.3, P=0.005). Both the pedicure group and the pedicure group and the shoulder and neck relaxation exercise group made the subjects feel calm (P=0.002), secure (P=0.003), at easy(P=0.005), satisfied (P=0.017), comfortable (P=0.032), self-confident (P=0.043), content (P=0.004), steady (P=0.022) and pleasant (P=0.001). In addition, comparing with the control group, the pedicure group and the shoulder and neck group cannot effectively improve the quality of sleep. Conclusion: In conclusion, our results indicated that foot reflexology can effectively relieve anxiety, emotion, and pain caused by neck and shoulder pain in women. The research results can provide reference for the design of foot reflexology by medical related units as an adjuvant therapy to improve patients’ shoulder and neck pain. It is also recommended that women can use foot reflexology to relieve shoulder and neck pain under the pressure of work or family to reduce anxiety, heartbeat, and other reactions. |
